International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology

The Impact Of Cost Accounting On Healthcare Quality Management

Annisya Nurul Zahra Rifta Elmid — 2026-05-12

The transformation of the healthcare system toward Value-Based Healthcare requires efficient cost management without compromising patient quality and safety. This study aims to analyze the impact of cost accounting implementation on healthcare quality management through a systematic literature review approach. The research method follows the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with literature searches conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed, and SINTA databases. Article selection was carried out using the PICOS framework to ensure relevance to the research objectives. The screening process resulted in nine eligible articles that were analyzed through qualitative synthesis. The findings indicate that the implementation of modern cost accounting methods, such as Activity-Based Costing (ABC), Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC), and Itemized Point Cost (IPC), significantly contributes to improving operational efficiency, enhancing cost transparency, reducing the risk of medical errors, and supporting healthcare accreditation standards. However, excessive emphasis on strict cost control may influence patients’ perceptions of service quality. Therefore, the integration of financial and non-financial performance indicators is essential to ensure that economic efficiency aligns with continuous improvement in healthcare service quality.

Posterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy (Pion) Secondary To Distal Segment Stenosis Of The Left Ophthalmic Artery: A Rare Case Report

Delta Iswara — 2026-05-05

Ischaemic optic neuropathy (ION) is a vision-threatening condition caused by impaired arterial blood supply to the optic nerve. Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (PION) is a rare subtype that often presents without funduscopic abnormalities in the acute phase, making diagnosis challenging. We report a case of a 50-year-old man who presented with sudden, painless monocular visual loss in the left eye, accompanied by hemisensory deficits. Ophthalmic examination revealed no optic disc abnormalities, while automated perimetry demonstrated an inferior arcuate visual field defect. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a right corona radiata infarction, and digital subtraction angiography confirmed stenosis of the distal branches of the left ophthalmic artery. These findings supported the diagnosis of PION secondary to ophthalmic artery stenosis, an uncommon etiology of ION. The patient had uncontrolled hypertension as a major vascular risk factor and was treated with antiplatelet therapy, resulting in clinical improvement of visual acuity. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive vascular evaluation in patients with suspected PION and emphasizes ophthalmic artery stenosis as a rare but significant cause of ischaemic optic neuropathy. Early recognition of the underlying vascular pathology may facilitate appropriate management and help prevent further ischemic complications.

The Effectiveness Of Celery And Rosella Flower Decoctions In Reducing High Blood Pressure At The Elderly Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) In Rw 01, Kebon Baru Village, South Jakarta In 2025

Nafa Andini — 2026-05-07

Hypertension in the elderly is vulnerable due to vascular degeneration, with a high prevalence in Indonesia (34.1%) and side effects of pharmacological drugs encourage complementary herbal therapy. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of celery and rosella decoction in reducing MAP in hypertensive elderly at Posyandu Lansia RW 01, South Jakarta. The type of research is a quantitative quasi-experimental two-group pretest-posttest; population 60 hypertensive elderly, sample 40 (purposive, 20/group). Instruments: Omron sphygmomanometer, observation sheet; analysis Paired/Independent t-test (Jamovi, α=0.05). The results showed a decrease in MAP celery 8.90 mmHg (p<0.001) vs rosella 4.45 mmHg (p<0.001), a significant difference (p<0.001). Celery decoction is more effective as a community complementary therapy.

Overview Of Community Knowledge And Actions On The Dangers Of Rabies-Infected Dog Bites In Kineleosan Village, Kombi District

Jelita Mita Soputan — 2026-05-07

Rabies is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the Lyssavirus virus that attacks the central nervous system. The disease is still a threat, including in Kinaleosan Village where most of the community keeps dogs. The problems identified are the lack of public knowledge and preventive measures about rabies. There are still people who use traditional medicine such as lemon or chili pepper crushed after being bitten by a dog and do not immediately go to health facilities. The purpose is to find out an overview of the knowledge and actions of the people of Kinaleosan Village, Kombi District about the dangers of dog bites as rabies-transmitting animals. Using the methodology of quantitative descriptive research and the research population, all families who raise rabies-infected animals (dogs) in Kinaleosan Village as many as 235 families. Samples were taken from 148 families using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that the characteristics of respondents' knowledge about the dangers of rabies-infected animal bites were mostly in the fairly good category, namely 75 respondents (50.7%). Meanwhile, the characteristics of public actions regarding the dangers of rabies-infected animal bites were mostly in the good category, namely 82 respondents (55.4%). The conclusion of this study is that the knowledge of the people of Kinaleosan Village about the dangers of rabies-infected animal bites is quite good (50.7%) and the community's actions are good (55.4%). It is recommended that the public continue to increase knowledge and increase actions regarding the dangers of rabies.

Safety And Effectiveness Of Supraglottic Airway Devices In Cesarean Sections Under General Anesthesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Patricia Mamuraja — 2026-05-12

Airway management during cesarean section (CS) under general anesthesia carries risks of complications such as aspiration, hypoxemia, and hemodynamic responses resulting from airway manipulation. Second-generation supraglottic airway devices (SADs), such as the LMA Supreme, have been developed as an alternative to endotracheal tubes (ETTs). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of second-generation SAD compared to ETT in SC under general anesthesia. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, covering the years 2015–2025. The included studies comprised Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and retrospective studies evaluating the use of SAD in SC. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument. A total of 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that second-generation SADs had high insertion success rates, adequate ventilation, and maternal and neonatal outcomes comparable to those of ETT. No significant increase in aspiration, hypoxemia, or airway complications was observed. Supraglottic Airway Devices (SADs) demonstrated more stable hemodynamic responses and faster insertion times. Second-generation supraglottic airway devices (SADs) are an effective and relatively safe alternative to endotracheal intubation (ETI) in selected patients undergoing cesarean section under general anesthesia. Evidence regarding high-risk populations, particularly those with hypertension during pregnancy, remains limited.

A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of The Mallampati Score And Other Methods In Predicting Intubation Difficulty: A Systematic Literature Review

Annisa Wulandari — 2026-05-12

Intubation difficulties are a major challenge in airway management for patients undergoing general anesthesia, as they can lead to hypoxia, aspiration, airway trauma, and even death. The Mallampati Score is the most commonly used predictive method in preoperative assessment; however, its accuracy as a single predictor remains limited. Various other methods, such as thyromental distance, sternomental distance, Cormack-Lehane grading, the upper lip bite test, and multivariate models, are also used to improve predictive accuracy. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Mallampati Score and other methods in predicting intubation difficulty. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases covering the years 2016–2026. Included studies comprised randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, prospective studies, and retrospective comparative studies evaluating the Mallampati Score and other methods in predicting intubation difficulty in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument. A total of 1,104 articles were identified in the initial stage. After removing duplicates, 1,061 articles were selected for screening. A total of 24 articles passed the selection based on title, year, method, and abstract. Thirteen articles underwent full-text review, and 8 articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results indicate that the Mallampati Score remains effective as an initial screening tool because it is simple, quick, non-invasive, and has reasonably good sensitivity. However, the Mallampati Score is not sufficiently robust when used as a single predictor. Other methods, such as thyromental distance, have higher specificity, while combinations of multiple parameters or machine learning approaches demonstrate better predictive accuracy. The Mallampati Score remains relevant as an initial screening tool for predicting intubation difficulty, but its effectiveness is optimized when combined with other methods. No single method is the most accurate; therefore, a multimodal approach is the most rational strategy for evaluating difficult airways.

Activity Test Of White Frangipani Plant Stem Extract (Pulmeria Rubra L) Against Gram Positive Bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 25923

Olandina Cipriana Gusmao Freitas Boavida — 2026-05-16

This study aims to test the antibacterial potential of ethanol extract of white frangipani stems (Plumeria rubra L.) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 as a Gram-negative bacterium.‑positive for causing skin infections. The study used a true experimental laboratory design with a quantitative approach. The population was white frangipani plants on Jl. Palem, Cemani, Grogol, Sukoharjo, with samples in the form of fresh stems. The extract was made by maceration with 96% ethanol using a rotary evaporator, then standardized and phytochemically screened for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Antibacterial activity was tested using the well diffusion and agar disc diffusion methods, and the inhibition zone data were analyzed descriptively (mean ± SD) based on the strength classification criteria of <5 mm, 5–10 mm, 10–20 mm, and >20 mm. The results showed that the white frangipani stem extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and produced a strong inhibition zone (10–20 mm) at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, with the highest inhibition zone of the positive control. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of white frangipani stems has the potential as a natural antibacterial agent against Gram-negative bacteria.‑positive, although further studies regarding MIC/MBC and toxicity are needed.

Formulation And Evaluation Of Lip Scrub Using Beetroot Extract (Beta Vulgaris L.) As A Natural Colorant

Dikta Anggraini Miftahul Jannah — 2026-05-16

Lips are prone to dryness due to the thin stratum corneum layer and environmental exposure, driving the need for natural dyes to replace synthetic carcinogenic risks such as Rhodamine B. This study aims to formulate a lip scrub extract of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) at a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, measure betacyanin levels, and evaluate physical quality. Quantitative experimental types were conducted at the Duta Bangsa University Laboratory in Surakarta (April-June 2025); beetroot population in Boyolali, tuber samples aged 3-6 months; UV-Vis spectrophotometer instrument, rotary evaporator; SPSS analysis (ANOVA). The results showed a yield of 17.5% of the crude drug, 16.81% of the extract, 1.145 mg/L of betacyanin, good homogeneity, pH 5.33-6.03, no irritation (9 panelists), although the width of 3.75-4.58 cm was suboptimal. Conclusion: the formulation is safe and stable as a natural dye, although pigment stability needs optimization.

Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) Of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Exposure Among Fuel Station Operators At Gas Stations In Kota Baru District In 2026

Muhammad Gusman Syahlun Abyan — 2026-05-21

This study aims to analyze environmental health risks caused by carbon monoxide (CO) exposure among gas station operators in Kota Baru District, Jambi City, in 2026 using the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) method with a quantitative descriptive approach. The research was conducted from January to February 2026 and involved 61 respondents from five gas stations: SPBU 24.361.70, 24.361.51, 24.361.04, 24.361.13, and 24.361.58. Data collection was carried out through direct measurement of CO concentration using the AS8700A CO meter, wind speed measurement using an anemometer, temperature and humidity measurement using a thermohygrometer, and structured interviews regarding exposure characteristics. The results revealed that two locations showed unsafe risk levels under realtime conditions, namely SPBU 24.361.04 with a Risk Quotient (RQ) value of 1.187 and SPBU 24.361.51 with an RQ value of 1.073, both exceeding the safe threshold (RQ>1). The highest CO concentration was recorded at SPBU 24.361.51, reaching 11.9443 mg/m³. The most dominant health complaints experienced by respondents were fatigue (54.1%) and dizziness (34.4%). Nevertheless, the 30-year lifetime risk projection indicated that all study locations remained within the safe category, with RQ values below 1.

Nursing Care for Memory Disorders In Patient A with Alzheimer's Type Dementia At Iryou Houlin Aiwa Kai Ikeda En Japan

Atika Wulandari — 2026-05-12

Alzheimer's dementia is a global health problem with increasing prevalence along with the aging population, characterized by memory impairment that interferes with independence. This study aims to describe nursing care for memory impairment in Patient A through the nursing process. The type of qualitative descriptive case study was conducted at Iryou Houlin Aiwa Kai Ikeda En Japan, September 2025. The population of elderly with Alzheimer's dementia (91 patients), a purposive sample of one patient (Mrs. A, MMSE 19). Instruments include MMSE-J, assessment sheets, reminiscence media; source triangulation analysis and case-theory. The results showed that the diagnosis of memory impairment and risk of injury were partially resolved after 3x24 hours of reminiscence therapy (MMSE score increased 19→20), long-term memory improved but short-term memory was limited, and the risk of falls was controlled. It was concluded that reminiscence therapy is effective in maintaining the cognitive function of the elderly in a supportive manner.

Implementation Of Green Hospitals To Improve Hospital Sustainability In Indonesia: A Narrative Literature Review

Nadira Kesya — 2026-05-12

Hospitals generate waste and consume large amounts of energy, which negatively impact the environment. The Green Hospital concept was developed to support environmental sustainability in healthcare facilities. To examine the implementation strategies of Green Hospital and its impact on hospital sustainability in Indonesia. A narrative literature review was conducted by searching articles from Google Scholar and PubMed using keywords related to Green Hospital. A total of 10 articles (2015–2024) were thematically analyzed. Several hospitals have implemented Green Hospital principles such as energy efficiency, waste management, and green open space. RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo achieved the highest implementation score, while some hospitals still face challenges in human resources, infrastructure, and funding. The implementation of Green Hospital shows positive impacts on sustainability but still requires policy support and capacity building in hospitals.

Analysis Of Modifiable Risk Factors For The Incidence Of Hypertension In Adults (18–65 Years) In Students Of The Public Health Science Study Program, University Of Jambi

Tari Indah Lestari — 2026-05-07

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is often unaware of it. Adult age groups, including college students, are at risk of developing hypertension due to lifestyle changes and stress-inducing academic stress. This study aims to determine the determinants of risk factors that can be modified for the incidence of hypertension in students of the Public Health Sciences Study Program, University of Jambi. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross sectional design. The sample amounted to 60 respondents who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The variables studied included obesity, smoking behavior, stress levels, and sodium consumption. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed univariate and bivariate. The results showed that the majority of respondents had normal nutritional status (93.3%), non-smoking (96.7%), and normal sodium consumption (98.3%). The prevalence of hypertension is only 1.7%. However, the stress level is quite high, which is 53.3%. Stress factors are the most dominant determinants compared to other factors. The conclusion of this study shows that although physical factors are relatively controlled, psychosocial factors such as stress play an important role in the potential occurrence of hypertension. Therefore, promotive and preventive interventions are needed, especially in stress management in students.

The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns, Medical History, And Mbg Administration With The Nutritional Status Of Preschool Children In The Working Area Of Cibodas Health Center In 2025

Fathia Rizki — 2026-05-07

Nutritional problems in preschool children remain a serious concern in Indonesia, with a national stunting prevalence of 21.6%. Although the rate is lower in the working area of the Cibodas Community Health Center, cases of double burden of malnutrition (underweight and overweight) are still present. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns, medical history, and participation in the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) with the nutritional status of preschool children. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used, involving 92 preschool children selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using dietary pattern and medical history questionnaires, along with anthropometric measurements, and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The majority of children had good dietary patterns (52.2%), most had a history of illness (62.0%), and more than half participated in the MBG program (56.5%). Nutritional status was dominated by normal nutrition (73.9%), followed by undernutrition (14.1%) and overnutrition (12.0%). Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between dietary patterns (p=0.000), medical history (p=0.000), and MBG participation (p=0.000) with nutritional status. These three factors are important determinants of preschool children’s nutritional status, suggesting that nutrition improvement efforts should focus on enhancing dietary patterns, preventing illness, and optimizing MBG program coverage.

Health Promotion Strategy On Increasing Public Knowledge Regarding Early Detection Of Tuberculosis At The Fransisco Borja Da Costa Fatuberliu State High School, Manufahi Regency

Otniel Deswan Cristanto — 2026-05-12

Tuberculosis remains a significant public health problem, particularly among adolescents with varying levels of health literacy. This study aimed to improve the school community's knowledge about early tuberculosis detection at Fransisco Borja Da Costa Fatuberliu State High School, Manufahi Regency. This study used a community service design with a school-based health education approach. The population was all students at the school, while the sample was selected purposively based on participation criteria. The research instruments included pretest and posttest sheets, educational materials, and participant observation. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing the results before and after the intervention. The results showed an increase in student knowledge after the health education was provided, accompanied by good participation during the session. It was concluded that the school-based health promotion strategy was effective in improving student knowledge about early tuberculosis detection and can be used as a preventive approach in the school environment.

Clinical Medical Record Audit Description For Quality Control And Cost Control In Healthcare Services At Dharma Yadnya General Hospital Denpasar: A Qualitative Study

Nichia Trinity Luisa Walangitan — 2026-05-11

Clinical audit of medical records is an important effort to improve the quality of healthcare services and control costs in hospitals. However, inconsistent implementation and incomplete medical record documentation can affect its effectiveness. This study aimed to examine the implementation of clinical audits of medical records in supporting quality control and cost control at RSU Dharma Yadnya Denpasar. This study used a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques including interviews and observations, and the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step method. The results showed that the implementation of clinical audits of medical records has followed a process in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), including sample selection, assessment, analysis, and the provision of recommendations. However, in practice, several discrepancies were found, such as audit implementation that was not consistently carried out according to schedule and incomplete medical record documentation. These conditions have resulted in the audit function not being optimal in supporting quality control and have caused obstacles in the claim process, thereby affecting cost control. Therefore, clinical audits of medical records play an important role in supporting quality and cost control; however, their implementation needs to be improved through consistent scheduling and increased compliance of healthcare personnel in completing medical records.

The Relationship Between Anxiety Levels And Blood Pressure In Hypertensive Patients At Krung Barona Jaya Community Health Center, Aceh Besar

Sahara Sahara — 2026-05-21

Hypertension, a serious global health issue, often leads to serious consequences, including heart disease and stroke. This study examined the impact of psychological variables, particularly anxiety, on blood pressure among patients at the Krung Barona Jaya Community Health Center in Aceh Besar. The study was done using a quantitative cross-sectional design. Data were taken from 60 respondents, they were chosen by purposive sampling, not random. The researchers applied the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) to check anxiety level, and also used a sphygmomanometer to record blood pressure in a direct way. From the results, about 38.3% respondents showed moderate anxiety, meanwhile 61.7% were in severe anxiety condition, which is quite high. For blood pressure status, exactly 50% respondents had hypertension, and the other 50% did not show hypertension at the time of data collection. Then, using Chi-Square test with significance level 0.05, the p-value was 0.013. This value is smaller than 0.05, so it means there is a significant relationship, even if the sample is not very large. In short conclusion, both variables are connected. When anxiety level becomes higher, the risk for hypertension also tends to increase, it looks proportional in this sample, even in simple field condition like local clinic setting.

Bridging Social Capital And Health Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of Maternal Agency In Stunting Prevention Services In Kendari City, Indonesia

Cindy Ayu Oktavia — 2026-05-24

Degenerative diseases in older adults can cause physical and psychological changes, including anxiety. Spiritual well-being is an important factor that helps older adults accept their illness and undergo treatment more calmly. This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and anxiety levels among older adult patients with degenerative diseases in the inpatient ward of Royal Prima Hospital Jambi. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 42 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using spiritual well-being and anxiety questionnaires, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents had moderate spiritual well-being, with 19 respondents (45.2%), and experienced moderate anxiety, with 19 respondents (45.2%). The Chi-Square test obtained a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant relationship between spiritual well-being and anxiety levels among older adult patients.

Management Of Root Canal Treatment In Tooth Pulp Necrosis 25 With Lacerated Roots (Case Report)

Angelita Lewinsky Mahadi — 2026-05-25

Root canal treatment is an action carried out by removing pulp tissue, both vital and necrotic from the root canal, followed by filling using materials that are suitable for the purpose of cleaning the root canal from necrotic tissue and microorganisms from the root canal. In this case, the final restoration used is a porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown supported by a fiber core and pegs that can increase resistance to fracture in the tooth after endodontic treatment. A 39-year-old man complained of hollowed left upper back teeth. The patient said that the complaint was felt since 3 years ago in the upper left tooth, there was no pain until the time of examination, food was often tucked and the patient had never done treatment on the tooth. The treatment plan to be carried out is root canal treatment with restoration of the crown of the jacket with fiber pegs in the root canal in the case of tooth pulp necrosis 25 with lacerated roots. The three main stages in root canal treatment are known as the endodontic triad, namely biomechanical preparation, sterilization, and hermetic root canal obturation. The purpose of root canal treatment is to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and infected pulp tissue from within the root canal, prevent the formation of toxic products, as well as protect periapical tissue.

The Relationship Between Family Support And The Quality Of Life Of Tuberculosis Patients In The Kembaran 1 Banyumas Community Health Center Area

Inggrid Fatmah Miharsih — 2026-05-05

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that remains a major public health problem in Indonesia due to its high incidence, long treatment duration, and its impact on patients' physical, psychological, social, and environmental conditions, which can reduce quality of life. Family support is an important factor that plays a role in improving the quality of life of tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and the quality of life of tuberculosis patients in the working area of Kembaran 1 Public Health Center, Banyumas. This study employed a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 67 tuberculosis patients selected using proportionate stratified random sampling and simple random sampling techniques. The research instruments were the Perceived Social Support from Family (PSS-Fa) questionnaire to measure family support and the WHOQOL-BREF Indonesian version to assess patients' quality of life. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between family support and the quality of life of tuberculosis patients (p < 0.05). Better family support was associated with better quality of life among tuberculosis patients. Family support plays an important role in improving the quality of life of tuberculosis patients.

The Relationship Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption And Metabolic Syndrome Incidence In Adolescents: A Narrative Review

Nihana Aura Aprisano Dewi Dewi — 2026-05-07

Metabolic syndrome in adolescents encompasses central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, often associated with unhealthy lifestyles. In Indonesia, adolescents frequently consume sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sometimes more than once a day, raising health concerns. This narrative review aims to examine the association between SSB consumption and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Springer using relevant keywords. Articles published between 2015 and 2025, written in English, and representing original research were included in this review. Evidence suggests that high SSB consumption is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Frequent consumption contributes to central obesity through excess calorie intake. SSB consumption is also associated with insulin resistance, increased LDL and triglyceride levels, decreased HDL levels, and higher blood pressure. A dose-response pattern suggests that even moderate daily consumption (~90 ml) may increase risk over time. High SSB consumption contributes to the risk of metabolic syndrome among adolescents. Reducing consumption is crucial to prevent long-term metabolic disorders.

The Effect Of Iron Supplement Consumption On HB Levels In Pregnant Women At The Bangko Jaya Community Health Center, Rokan Hilir Regency

Rafika Rafika — 2026-05-07

Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is a serious health problem in Indonesia with a prevalence of 27.7%, mainly due to low compliance with iron supplement consumption despite the implementation of the Iron Supplement Tablet (TTD) program. This study aims to analyze the relationship between compliance with iron supplement consumption and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in pregnant women at the Bangko Jaya Community Health Center, Rokan Hilir Regency. Using a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design, a population of 85 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters was taken by total sampling. Instruments in the form of a compliance questionnaire and Hb data from medical records were analyzed univariately (frequency) and bivariately (Chi-Square). The results showed that 69.4% of respondents were compliant with supplement consumption, 68.2% were not anemic, with a significant relationship (p=0.00; OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.02-1.18). It was concluded that compliance with iron supplement consumption was significantly associated with Hb levels in pregnant women, recommending strengthening ANC counseling.

Missed Diagnosis In Rotator Cuff Injury On MRI And Ultrasonography: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Studies Published In The Last 10 Years

Wahyu Agus Prastyo — 2026-05-12

Missed diagnoses of rotator cuff tears on non-invasive imaging remain a clinically important problem. Recent data have shown that a substantial proportion of tears — particularly subscapularis tears and partial-thickness lesions — are overlooked on MRI and ultrasonography (US). Whether one modality systematically misses more tears than the other in contemporary practice is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate MRI and US in terms of missed diagnoses (false-negative rate) and overall diagnostic accuracy for rotator cuff injury, through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in the last 10 years (January 2015 – December 2025). A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library on the main concepts of rotator cuff tear, MRI (including conventional MRI and MR arthrography), US, and diagnostic accuracy. Inclusion criteria consisted of original research studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and/or US (index tests) for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear using surgical findings (arthroscopy or open surgery) as the reference standard. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess methodologic quality. Meta-analyses were performed to compare MRI and US in the diagnosis of any rotator cuff tear, full-thickness tears, partial-thickness tears, and subscapularis tears. Between-study variation was analyzed using the Cochran Q test and I² statistic. Twelve studies satisfied inclusion and exclusion criteria (MRI, n = 7; US, n = 6; both modalities in the same patients, n = 3), consisting of 2,253 total patients and 2,417 total shoulders. For any rotator cuff tear, MRI showed a pooled sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87–0.94) and specificity of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.85–0.92); US showed a pooled sensitivity of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82–0.91) and specificity of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86–0.94). For full-thickness tears, sensitivity was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.90–0.95) for MRI and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94) for US (p = 0.42). Diagnostic performance dropped for partial-thickness tears (sensitivity: MRI 0.70 [95% CI, 0.62–0.78]; US 0.65 [95% CI, 0.54–0.75]) and for subscapularis tears (sensitivity: MRI 0.56 [95% CI, 0.44–0.68]; US 0.30 [95% CI, 0.18–0.46]). Heterogeneity across studies was moderate to high (I² = 48%–75%). Corresponding miss rates were: full-thickness tear 7% (MRI) vs 9% (US); partial-thickness tear 30% vs 35%; subscapularis tear 44% vs 70%. MRI and US show comparable accuracy for full-thickness rotator cuff tears in studies published in the last 10 years, and either modality can be considered a first-line imaging option in that clinical setting. Both modalities, however, miss a clinically meaningful proportion of partial-thickness and subscapularis tears, with higher miss rates on US. When the subscapularis or a small partial tear is clinically suspected, MRI (or MR arthrography) may reduce missed diagnoses. This review quantifies the contemporary risk of missed diagnoses on MRI and US, supports shared decision-making between clinicians and patients when selecting an initial imaging modality, and identifies the subscapularis tendon and partial-thickness articular-surface tears as priorities for reader training and protocol optimization.

Risk Factors Associated To The Occurrence Of Isolated Systolic Hypertension: A Literature Review

Nurjanah Nurjanah — 2026-05-21

Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is a growing public health concern, particularly among older adults, due to its strong association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify and analyze risk factors associated with ISH. This research is a literature study, with sources obtained from three open-access journal databases: PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. Articles were selected based on specific inclusion criteria, including full-text articles, published between 2015 and 2025, written in English, focused on ISH risk factors, and excluding literature reviews. The search resulted in 8 articles for review. Risk factors are typically classified into two categories: modifiable and non-modifiable. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, alcohol consumption, low educational level, elevated fasting blood sugar levels, employment, retirement status, and income. Conversely, non-modifiable risk factors consist of older age and male sex. Risk factors related to the incidence of ISH were found in all literature, namely age, gender, obesity, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, low educational level, income, and socioeconomic status. The findings emphasize the importance of lifestyle modification and regular blood pressure monitoring for high-risk populations to prevent ISH.

Review Of Natural Compounds And Medicinal Chemistry Approaches In Drug Development

Saeful Amin — 2026-05-16

The increasing prevalence of degenerative and infectious diseases has encouraged the development of more effective, selective, and safer therapeutic agents. Natural compounds and medicinal chemistry approaches have demonstrated considerable potential in modern drug discovery due to their diverse pharmacological activities and structural complexity. This study aims to review the role of bioactive natural compounds and computational approaches in contemporary drug development. The method employed was a literature review based on recent scientific publications discussing medicinal chemistry, molecular docking, quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis, artificial intelligence-assisted drug design, and nanoformulation strategies. The findings indicate that several natural compounds, particularly flavonoids and quercetin, exhibit promising anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities through interactions with various biological targets. Computational approaches such as molecular docking, virtual screening, predictive modeling, and deep QSAR were shown to improve the efficiency of lead identification and molecular optimization. Furthermore, nanoformulation systems contribute to enhancing bioavailability, molecular stability, and therapeutic effectiveness of bioactive compounds. Despite these advantages, challenges including compound complexity, ADMET limitations, and the necessity for experimental validation remain important considerations in drug development. In conclusion, the integration of natural compounds, medicinal chemistry, and computational technologies provides significant opportunities for accelerating and optimizing modern drug discovery and development.

Integrated Analysis Using FTA, ASPEN HYSYS, And Lopa Of The 2019 HF Alkylation Unit Incident At The Philadelphia Energy Solutions Refinery

Muhammad Ridho Fauzan — 2026-05-21

The incident at the Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Unit of the Philadelphia Energy Solutions Refinery (PES) in 2019 represents a major process safety failure driven by a combination of technical and systemic weaknesses. This study analyzes the root causes, process dynamics, and adequacy of protection layers through an integrated application of Fault Tree Analysis, Aspen HYSYS process simulation, and Layer of Protection Analysis. FTA was used to identify causal relationships between basic events and the top event, while HYSYS simulation provided insight into the thermodynamic conditions of the process fluid prior to the rupture. LOPA evaluated the effectiveness of the existing protection layers. The findings indicate that the rupture of the discharge-line elbow resulted from undetected HF corrosion, improper material selection, weaknesses in the mechanical integrity program, and the absence of an emergency isolation valve. The simulation confirmed vapor-phase dominance, leading to a high-velocity jet release and rapid vapor cloud formation that subsequently ignited. LOPA revealed that most protection layers did not meet the criteria for an independent protection layer (IPL), with only the Rapid Acid Deinventory (RAD) system proving effective. These results highlight the need to strengthen protection design, implement risk-based inspection, improve material selection, and apply inherently safer design principles to prevent similar incidents in high-risk industrial facilities.

The Relationship Between Authoritarian, Democratic, And Permissive Parenting Styles And Coping Strategies In Dealing With Work Stress In A Jakarta Financial Company

Hendriana Hendriana — 2026-05-12

In a competitive work context with tight business competition in financial companies, this can affect employee stress levels at work. The importance of understanding how to develop coping strategies when facing stress is crucial for developing mental health programs in the workplace. This study aims to determine the relationship between authoritarian, democratic, and permissive parenting styles received during childhood and the coping strategies used to manage work stress among employees in financial companies in Jakarta. This research method used a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study population included employees working in financial companies in Jakarta. The study sample consisted of 89 respondents selected through purposive sampling with the criteria of having worked for more than 3 months and having a productive age range between 20 and 58 years. The research instruments used included a parenting style scale questionnaire to measure parenting styles (authoritarian, democratic, and permissive) and a Ways of Coping Questionnaire to measure coping strategies used when stress occurs. The results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between authoritarian parenting patterns and coping strategies in dealing with work stress with a p-value of 0.0001 smaller than the alpha value (α = 0.05), for democratic parenting patterns there is also a relationship with coping strategies (p-value 0.0001 > 0.05) and likewise with permissive parenting patterns there is a relationship with coping strategies (p-value 0.0001 > 0.05). The conclusion of this study shows that authoritarian, democratic and permissive parenting patterns in childhood have a long-term impact on the way individuals determine coping strategies when dealing with work stress. Of course, the practical implications of this study still need to maintain a balance of coping strategies in dealing with work stress, in order to maintain mental health.

The Relationship Between Cadres Knowledge And Motivation With Pneumonia Case Finding In Toddlers At Paal V Public Health Center In Jambi City

Nora Jenniririn Nainggolan — 2026-05-07

Pneumonia remains a leading cause of child mortality globally and in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and motivation of health cadres and their performance in finding pneumonia cases among toddlers at the Paal V Public Health Center, Jambi City. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed with 67 female cadres as respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed no significant relationship between education level and case finding (p = 0.900). However, a significant relationship was found between motivation and pneumonia case finding (p = 0.016). These findings suggest that enhancing cadre motivation is crucial for improving pneumonia detection in the community.

Factors Related To The Suitability Of Contraceptive Use Among Active Family Planning Acceptors In Kayu Aro District, Jambi Province In 2023

Sasra Juwita — 2026-05-12

The selection of appropriate contraceptive methods is a crucial factor in the success of a family planning (FP) program, as mismatching methods with needs, health conditions, and reproductive goals can increase the risk of unwanted pregnancy. This study aims to analyze factors related to the appropriateness of contraceptive use among active FP acceptors in Kayu Aro District, Jambi Province in 2023. The study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach on 106 active FP acceptors selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed univariately and bivariately. The results showed that the majority of respondents used appropriate contraceptive methods (88.7%). There was a significant relationship between the number of children (p=0.001), family planning goals (p=0.006; p=0.002), the role of health workers (p=0.001), community stigma (p=0.001), and information sources (p=0.001) with the appropriateness of contraceptive use, while age (p=0.505) and medical history (p=0.204) were not significantly related. It was concluded that the number of children, family planning goals, support from health workers, community stigma, and information sources were factors related to the appropriateness of contraceptive use. Strengthening contraceptive education, counseling by health workers, and providing accurate information are needed to improve the accuracy of contraceptive method selection.

Differences In Mental Health Literacy In Pregnant Women Based On Socioeconomic Level At Kembaran 1 Community Health Center, Banyumas Regency

Elisa Putri Elisa Putri — 2026-05-15

Mental health literacy is an important aspect in maintaining the mental well-being of pregnant women, as it affects their ability to recognize, understand, and make appropriate decisions regarding psychological conditions during pregnancy. Maternal mental health is influenced not only by biological factors but also by socioeconomic factors that play a role in access to information, health services, and support during pregnancy. Differences in socioeconomic status are assumed to affect the level of mental health literacy among pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health literacy among pregnant women in the working area of Kembaran 1 Primary Health Center, Banyumas Regency. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 93 pregnant women selected using consecutive sampling based on inclusion criteria, including pregnant women from all trimesters who were able to read and write and willing to participate, and exclusion criteria including pregnant women with mental disorders or intellectual disabilities. Data were obtained through a mental health knowledge questionnaire and a socioeconomic status questionnaire based on the standards of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, using occupation and income indicators. The results of bivariate statistical analysis showed that there was no relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health literacy among pregnant women at Kembaran 1 Primary Health Center, Banyumas Regency, with ap value of 0.516 (p > 0.05). Although the results indicated no significant relationship, other factors that may influence mental health literacy among pregnant women need to be further investigated to obtain a more comprehensive understanding.

The Role Of Peer Education To Prevent Early Marriage Among Adolescents In Indonesia

Theresia Angelina Duma Octavia Pardede — 2026-05-21

The high rate of early marriage in Indonesia is a serious challenge that has an impact on the risks of reproductive health, education, and social welfare of adolescents. Peer education has emerged as a promising intervention strategy, but the effectiveness and determinants of its success of various community service programs in Indonesia require a comprehensive synthesis. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various peer education methods, identify determinants of success, and analyze the challenges of implementing public health strategies in reducing the rate of early marriage in Indonesia. A systematic review was conducted on 18 research articles (consisting of community service actions and quantitative research) published between 2019 and 2026. The analysis was carried out by grouping interventions based on methods, objectives, and outputs achieved, then synthesized to answer the urgency of peer intervention in Indonesia. The results of the analysis showed that the peer education method was consistently able to increase knowledge and change adolescents' attitudes to be more rational (p<0.05). Determinants of success include the convenience of horizontal communication between peers, the use of creative educational media (such as Monopoly Genres and digital platforms), and the integration of programs with formal structures at the village or school level (such as PIK-R and Village Decree policies). However, implementation is still hampered by traditional cultural norms, social pressures, and a lack of post-program sustainability support, as well as structural challenges related to family economics in rural areas. It can be concluded that peer education is a very effective strategy to cut communication barriers on sensitive adolescent reproductive health issues. The sustainability of the program is highly dependent on cross-sectoral collaboration between health offices, village officials, and youth cadres. A more holistic health promotion model is needed by aligning reproductive education, legal protection advocacy, and family economic empowerment to have a systemic and long-term impact.

Analysis Of Nursing Clinical Practices In MRS. S With The Innovation Of Free Painting Therapy Using Totebag Media In Patients With Sensory Perception Disorders, Auditory Hallucinations In The Punai Room Of Atma Husada Mahakam RSJD Samarinda

Aldilla Asri Chairunnisa — 2026-05-16

Mental disorders, especially schizophrenia, are still a mental health problem with a high prevalence in Indonesia, including in East Kalimantan, with one of the main symptoms being sensory perception disorders of auditory hallucinations that can interfere with psychosocial functions and the patient's ability to control themselves. This scientific paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of an innovative intervention in the form of free painting therapy with totebag media as a non-pharmacological approach in reducing the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations. The method used is an analysis of nursing clinical practice through a nursing process approach, with measurement of the level of auditory hallucinations using the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS) 11-item questionnaire which was carried out three times during three free painting therapy interventions. The evaluation results showed a significant decrease in the auditory hallucination score, from an initial score of 33 before the intervention to 7 after the entire series of interventions were given, which was characterized by a reduction in the frequency, duration, and intensity of hallucinations and an increase in the patient's ability to control and divert attention from hallucinations. Free-form painting therapy using tote bags is effective as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention in reducing the intensity of auditory hallucinations and can be used as an alternative activity therapy in psychiatric nursing practice.

Management Of Maxillary Midline Diastema (MMD) With Removable Orthodontic Appliance

Queneessa Cahya Albetra — 2026-05-25

Maxillary midline diastema (MMD) is a space between the middle incisors of the upper jaw which is often an aesthetic problem in adolescents and young adults because it can affect the appearance and decrease the patient's confidence. This condition has a multifactorial etiology, such as genetic factors, high labial frenulum attachment, bad habits of the oral cavity, and impaired growth and development of teeth. In mild diastema cases, the use of removable orthodontic devices can be a treatment option because it is simple, conservative, and effective in correcting the position of the teeth. This case report aims to describe the management of the maxillary midline diastema using removable orthodontic devices. A 19-year-old woman came to the Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital with a complaint of a gap in the anterior teeth of the upper jaw that interfered with appearance and confidence. Patients also complained that food often got stuck between the teeth and complaints had been felt since high school. The results of the examination showed the presence of a maxillary midline diastema between teeth 11 and 21. Treatment is performed using a removable orthodontic device with an active component of the finger spring for the correction of the central diastema. The patient underwent treatment for 6 months accompanied by regular control and activation of the device. The results of the treatment showed a satisfactory closure of the diastemic space. The use of removable orthodontic devices is effective in correcting mild cases of maxillary midline diastema and can improve the patient's aesthetics and confidence.

A Description Of Adolescent Girls' Behavior Regarding Personal Hygiene When Experiencing Vaginal Discharge At MAN 1 Surakarta

Anggun Herawati — 2026-05-12

Adolescence is susceptible to vaginal discharge due to hormonal changes and tropical climate, with a prevalence of 75% in Indonesia and low knowledge in Central Java. This study aims to describe the personal hygiene behavior of adolescent girls during vaginal discharge at MAN 1 Surakarta. The quantitative descriptive method with stratified random sampling resulted in a sample of 89 female students from a population of 773 female students in grades X-XII. The 24-item Likert questionnaire instrument was analyzed univariately using SPSS for frequencies and percentages. The results showed that 89.9% of respondents aged 14-17 years, 100% had a history of vaginal discharge, 85.4% used social media as their information source, and 55.1% had sufficient behavior and 44.9% good behavior. It was concluded that the majority of adolescent girls have sufficient personal hygiene behavior, requiring social media-based educational intervention.

Palembang Tie-Dye Fabric Motif Detection Software Using The Yolov10 Method

Muhammad Firmansyah — 2026-05-21

Palembang's jumputan cloth shops face difficulties in manually identifying motifs, which can lead to inventory errors. This study aims to develop a jumputan cloth motif detection software using YOLOv10 for real-time inventory identification and management automation on Android. The research method combines Research and Development (R&D) with an experimental quantitative approach. The population consists of fabric stocks from three Palembang shops, a sample of 400 images (Titik Tujuh, Beras Tabur, Lereng, Keong) divided into training (80%), validation (10%), and testing (10%). Instruments include a smartphone camera, YOLOv10m, and Google Colab Pro; analysis uses precision, recall, mAP50-95, and confusion matrix. The results show mAP50-95 up to 99.50%, smartphone accuracy 90-100% (SGD is superior), user satisfaction 96.52% via USE Questionnaire, but decreases in low light (Keong 40%). Conclusion: The application effectively supports business efficiency and cultural preservation with a detection time of 3-5 seconds.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Metformin Use In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Hospitals: A Systematic Literature Review

Wahyu Kurniawan — 2026-05-07

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) places a significant economic burden on Indonesia, necessitating the selection of cost-effective pharmacological therapies. Metformin has long been recommended as first-line therapy, but evidence of its cost-effectiveness across Indonesian hospitals remains fragmented and methodologically diverse. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and synthesize evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of metformin use in T2DM patients in Indonesian hospitals. The study used a systematic literature review design based on the PRISMA framework. Articles published since 2020 and obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Publish or Perish were assessed using the PICO criteria (Population: T2DM patients in hospital; Intervention: metformin; other antidiabetic therapies; Outcome: cost-effectiveness). In total, six national studies were selected, covering both inpatient and outpatient settings. Data were extracted descriptively, while cost-effectiveness results (primarily the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio/ACER) were analyzed narratively. Across all reviewed studies, metformin consistently demonstrated lower ACER values than comparator therapies (e.g., glibenclamide, glimepiride, gliquidone, and acarbose-based combinations), suggesting better cost-efficiency with equivalent or higher clinical effectiveness. Conclusion: Metformin is a cost-effective first-line therapy for T2DM patients in Indonesian hospitals, making it worthy of being maintained as the primary choice in clinical practice and hospital formularies.

Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge And Fast Food Consumption With Obesity In Adolescents

Yohana Wulandari — 2026-05-12

Obesity is a condition when a person's weight exceeds normal limits due to excessive accumulation of fat tissue in the body. WHO in 2022 stated that 8% of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in the world are obese. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutrition knowledge and fast food consumption with obesity in adolescents. This study was written using a literature review method based on articles collected using the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. The inclusion criteria for the articles used were articles published between 2015 and 2025, both international and national articles, accessible in full text, original research, and containing information related to the relationship between nutritional knowledge and fast food consumption with obesity in adolescents. Based on the search results, a total of nine articles related to the topic were obtained. Based on these articles, four out of six articles stated that there was no relationship between nutritional knowledge with obesity in adolescents. Meanwhile, three out of four articles stated that there was a relationship between fast food consumption with obesity in adolescents. The relationship between nutrition knowledge and fast food consumption with adolescent obesity is inconsistent. This happens because there are various factors that influence it..

The Relationship Between Smoking Habits And Exposure To Passive Cigarette Smoke With Symptoms Of ARI In Public Health Students

Enzelina Rosiana Tampubolon — 2026-05-12

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) remains a common health problem among young adults and can disrupt academic productivity. Smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke are thought to increase respiratory tract vulnerability through mucosal irritation and decreased respiratory defense function. This study aims to analyze the relationship between smoking and secondhand smoke exposure with ARI symptoms in students of the Public Health Science Study Program, class of 2024, Jambi University. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional design with 100 students selected using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering respondent characteristics, smoking status, secondhand smoke exposure, and ARI symptoms in the past month. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-square test, Odds Ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals. The results showed that 42.0% of respondents experienced ARI symptoms, 12.0% were active smokers, and 54.0% were frequently exposed to secondhand smoke. Smoking habits were significantly associated with ARI symptoms (p=0.031; OR=5.00; 95%CI=1.26-19.80). Exposure to secondhand smoke was also significantly associated with ARI symptoms (p=0.042; OR=2.94; 95%CI=1.28-6.79). Gender was not significantly associated with ARI symptoms (p=0.788). Strengthening smoke-free areas and promoting smoking cessation education should be prioritized on campus and in student housing environments.

Literature Review: Optimization Of Tablet Formula With Variations In Binder Type On The Physical Properties Of Tablets

Dias Firda Dias Firda — 2026-05-25

Tablets are a widely used pharmaceutical dosage form due to their stability, dosage accuracy, ease of production, and ease of use. One important factor influencing tablet quality is the use of binders, which play a role in increasing interparticle cohesion and mechanical strength. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying binder types and concentrations on the physical characteristics and performance of tablets, including hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution profile. The method used was a literature review with a descriptive analytical approach based on scientific articles from indexed journals. The results of the study indicate that the type of binder significantly influences tablet properties. Synthetic binders such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Avicel tend to produce more consistent hardness and lower friability, while natural binders such as starch, gelatin, pectin, and mucilage show wider variation in results depending on the source and process. Increasing binder concentration generally increases hardness and decreases friability, but can prolong disintegration time and decrease dissolution rate. Therefore, optimal tablet formulation is achieved through a balance between mechanical strength and drug release capability, by using binders at optimum concentrations and considering interactions with other excipients and the manufacturing method.

Literature Review Of Drug-Receptor Interactions Based On Molecular Docking From The Perspective Of Lock And Key Theory

Saeful Amin Saeful Amin — 2026-05-16

Drug-receptor interactions are the primary basis for determining the effectiveness of a therapy. Understanding the mechanisms of these interactions continues to evolve with advances in computational technology, one of which is through the molecular docking approach. This method enables in silico analysis of ligand-receptor interactions, including predictions of binding affinity, complex stability, and the types of molecular interactions that occur. Furthermore, the lock and key theory is a fundamental concept in explaining the structural compatibility between drugs and receptors, which influences bond strength and specificity. The method used in this review is a literature review from various scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, with journals published in 2020 or later as inclusion criteria. The results show that oseltamivir has high affinity for neuraminidase through specific interactions such as hydrogen bonding and electrostatic binding. However, mutations in the receptor can lead to drug resistance. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of molecular interactions is crucial for the development of more effective antiviral drugs.

Bridging Social Capital And Health Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of Maternal Agency In Stunting Prevention Services In Kendari City, Indonesia

Kamrin, K Kamrin — 2026-05-24

Stunting remains a persistent public health challenge in developing countries, reflecting not only nutritional deficiencies but also broader social inequalities. This study examines the influence of social capital and social networks on the effectiveness of stunting prevention services, with a particular focus on the mediating role of maternal agency. A quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) was applied to data collected from multiple public health centers in Kendari City, Indonesia, complemented by secondary data on stunting cases from 2022 to 2024. The results show that social capital (β = 0.31, p < 0.01) and social networks (β = 0.27, p < 0.01) significantly influence service effectiveness. Maternal agency also has a strong direct effect (β = 0.41, p < 0.001) and mediates the relationship between social determinants and service outcomes. The model explains 74% of the variance in effectiveness (R² = 0.74), indicating strong explanatory power. These findings highlight the importance of integrating social approaches into public health strategies. This study contributes to the literature by proposing an integrated model linking social structures and maternal behavior to health service effectiveness.

The Effect Of Work Environment, Work Motivation, And Work-Life Balance On Employee Work Productivity In The Human Resources Department Of RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo In 2025

Citra Setyaningrum — 2026-05-12

Work productivity is an important indicator in assessing employee performance within an organization. Productivity is influenced by several factors, including work environment, work motivation, and work life balance. A supportive work environment, high work motivation, and a good balance between work and personal life can enhance employee productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of work environment, work motivation, and work life balance on employee work productivity in 2025. This study was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design. The population and sample consisted of employees who met the inclusion criteria, with a total sampling technique involving 69 respondents. The research instrument used a Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that work environment, work motivation, and work life balance simultaneously had a significant effect on work productivity (p < 0.05). Partially, work motivation was the most dominant variable influencing work productivity. There is a significant effect of work environment, work motivation, and work life balance on employee work productivity.

Student Knowledge Of Antenatal Care Services For Third-Trimester Pregnant Women

Andi Husna — 2026-05-07

Antenatal care (ANC) is a key maternal health service that supports monitoring of maternal and fetal conditions, early detection of complications, health education, and preparation for safe delivery. The third trimester is a critical period because the need for monitoring increases near childbirth. This study aimed to describe the knowledge of public health students regarding ANC services for third-trimester pregnant women. A quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted at Universitas Jambi from February to March 2026. A total of 100 public health students were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated 17-item questionnaire covering ANC definition, aims and benefits, visit frequency, service components, and danger signs. The instrument showed acceptable reliability with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.724. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. Most respondents had good knowledge (65.0%), followed by moderate knowledge (31.0%) and poor knowledge (4.0%). The highest correct responses were found in aims and benefits, while the lowest were related to visit frequency. Strengthening technical and applied learning is needed to improve student competence.

Systematic Analysis Of Cost Effectiveness Analysis (Cea) In Health Services: A Review Of National And International Literature

Azzah Alimatusholehah — 2026-05-12

Limited resources and the high burden of disease in Indonesia have prompted the need for economic evaluation in healthcare services. Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is an important approach to assess health interventions in terms of efficiency and impact on clinical outcomes. This study aims to identify and synthesize findings from various studies related to CEA in healthcare interventions in Indonesia. This study used a systematic review method by searching literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. Selection was carried out through the PRISMA stages starting from identification, screening titles and abstracts, to full-text selection, resulting in 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Most studies showed that health interventions such as immunization, tuberculosis treatment, diabetes screening, hypertension treatment, and HIV/AIDS services have high cost-effectiveness. Combination therapies or technology-based approaches such as telemedicine have also proven efficient in managing chronic diseases. The evaluation results using ICER and ACER indicators showed that most interventions were cost-effective compared to standard approaches or no intervention at all. CEA is an important tool in supporting evidence-based decision-making in the healthcare sector. Implementing CEA results can help governments and policymakers determine priority interventions that have a significant impact on service quality and budget efficiency.

Breakfast Habits, Physical Activity Levels, And Their Relationship To The Nutritional Status Of Sixth Grade Students At Sdn Banjarbendo Elementary School, Sidoarjo District

Nailatul Fitriyyati — 2026-05-12

Breakfast habits and physical activity are important factors in determining the nutritional status and long-term health of school-aged children. Based on preliminary data from April 2025 at Banjarbendo Elementary School in Sidoarjo, 46 students (63%) had poor breakfast habits and 36 students (53%) had low levels of physical activity. Skipping breakfast can lead to an imbalance in daily energy intake, while low levels of physical activity can increase the risk of health problems and reduce children's fitness. This study aims to analyze the relationship between breakfast habits and physical activity levels and the nutritional status of sixth-grade students at Banjarbendo Elementary School. The study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 74 students, consisting of 47 boys and 27 girls. The independent variables in this study were breakfast habits and physical activity levels, while the dependent variable was nutritional status based on BMI/Age. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and anthropometric measurements. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-Square test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents (41 students) had good breakfast habits, while 33 students (44.6%) had poor breakfast habits. Regarding physical activity, the majority of respondents were in the low and very low categories, at 63.5% and 21.6%, respectively. The results of the bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between breakfast habits and students' nutritional status (p-value = 0.283). However, there was a significant relationship between physical activity levels and the nutritional status of sixth-grade students at Banjarbendo Elementary School (p-value = 0.020). This research is expected to serve as a basis for developing promotive and preventive efforts in the school environment, particularly through nutrition education and the promotion of regular physical activity to support optimal student growth and health.

The Relationship Between Hope, Career Identity, And Job Satisfaction With Turnover Intention In Nurses At Hospital X

Sri Hastuti — 2026-05-12

The increasing tendency of nurses to leave their jobs (turnover intention) has become a critical issue for hospitals, as it may affect service quality and the sustainability of human resources. This concern becomes more prominent when turnover rates exceed the normal range of 5–10% per year. Individual psychological factors, such as hope, career identity, and job satisfaction, are assumed to influence this condition. This study aims to examine the relationship between these factors and turnover intention among nurses at Hospital X. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 2025. A total of 104 nurses were included as respondents using a total sampling technique. The variables analyzed were hope, career identity, job satisfaction, and turnover intention, measured using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation to assess the relationships between variables. The findings revealed that all independent variables were significantly associated with turnover intention (p < 0.001). Among them, career identity demonstrated the strongest relationship. All variables showed a negative correlation, indicating that higher levels of hope, career identity, and job satisfaction were associated with lower turnover intention among nurses. Hope, career identity, and job satisfaction are significantly related to turnover intention among nurses. Therefore, hospitals are encouraged to strengthen psychological aspects and improve job satisfaction as part of strategies to reduce turnover intention and enhance nurse retention.

Changes In The Level Of Knowledge And Attitudes Of Adolescent Girls After Providing Health Education About Fluor Albus At Gunungjati Twin Middle School

Nanda Rida Wihasti — 2026-05-15

Vaginal discharge (fluor albus) is a reproductive health problem frequently experienced by adolescent girls and is often considered a normal condition, thus receiving little attention. Lack of appropriate knowledge and attitudes can influence reproductive hygiene behavior and increase the risk of pathological fluor albus. This study aims to determine changes in the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls after health education about fluor albus was provided at Gunungjati Kembaran Junior High School. The study used a quantitative approach with a pre-test design.‑One Group Pretest–Posttest experimental study. The population was all female adolescents at Gunungjati Kembaran Junior High School with a total sample of 29 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a knowledge and attitude questionnaire, then analyzed descriptively using univariate analysis, paired sample t-test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 56.62 before the intervention to 74.62 after the intervention (p = 0.000). All respondents had a positive attitude after the intervention with no remaining negative attitudes. In conclusion, health education about fluor albus had a significant effect in improving the knowledge and attitudes of female adolescents in maintaining reproductive organ hygiene, thus proving this intervention effective.

Factors Influencing The Use Of The JKN Mobile Application In Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency

Zakia Darurahma — 2026-05-16

The use of digital health services through the Mobile JKN application has become an important part of the transformation of health services in the digital era. However, the use of the Mobile JKN application in the community is still not optimal. This study aims to analyze the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes toward use, and intention to use with the use of the Mobile JKN application. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was JKN participants in the Rupit Community Health Center working area with a sample of 96 respondents selected using an accidental sampling technique. The research instrument used a structured questionnaire, while data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test and the calculation of the Prevalence Ratio (PR). The results showed a significant relationship between perceived usefulness (p = 0.045; PR = 2.02), perceived ease of use (p = 0.000; PR = 3.36), attitudes toward use (p = 0.017; PR = 3.31), and intention to use (p = 0.027; PR = 2.14) with the use of the Mobile JKN application. Perceived ease of use was the factor with the greatest risk value for not using the application. The conclusion of this study is that factors in the Technology Acceptance Model are related to the use of the Mobile JKN application, so that increasing ease, benefits, positive attitudes, and usage intentions need to be strengthened to increase sustainable use of the application.

Atypical Appendicitis In Celiac Disease

Stephanie Aurelia Santoso — 2026-05-24

Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine due to gluten ingestion and often manifests atypically. While appendicitis in children typically presents with standard symptoms, younger patients or those with comorbidities like CD may exhibit nonspecific signs that delay diagnosis. We describe a case involving a 3-year-old girl who presented with right lower abdominal pain alongside a low Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS), positive tTG-IgA serology, and increased fecal calprotectin levels. Despite inconclusive abdominal ultrasound results, diagnostic laparoscopy confirmed an inflamed appendix containing fecaloma. Histopathological analysis verified acute appendicitis. Post-appendectomy care led to the patient’s improvement and further plans for evaluation and education regarding a gluten-free diet. This case emphasizes the diagnostic difficulties associated with atypical appendicitis in CD patients and highlights the necessity of multidisciplinary assessments as well as the effectiveness of diagnostic laparoscopy when faced with ambiguous clinical presentations. A thorough approach can mitigate delays in diagnosis and ensure optimal patient management.

The Relationship Between Family Support And The Mental Health Of Public Health Student At Manado State University

Hersilya Pingkan Ambalabi — 2026-05-12

Mental health is an important concern given the various academic pressures faced, especially in the final project completion phase. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family support and mental health level in Public Health Sciences students of Manado State University. This study used a Cross-Sectional design involving 60 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires, the questionnaires used were the Family Support questionnaire and DASS-24 and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (88.4%) and male (11.7%) with an age range of 21-24 years. As many as 85.0% of respondents received good family support. The results of the calculation of mental health levels showed that 31.7% experienced mild depression, 51.7% experienced very severe anxiety, and 78.3% experienced normal stress. The results of the Chi-square test showed that there was no significant relationship between family support and levels of depression (p=0.836), anxiety (p=0.244), and stress (p=0.219). The conclusion of the study was that there was no relationship between family support and the level of mental health of students of Social Health Sciences, Manado State University. This indicates that students' mental health is affected by other factors such as other social supports.

The Correlation Between Macronutrient And Iron Intake And Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Rugby Athletes Of UNESA Student Activity Unit

Athaillah Dihyan Wijaya — 2026-05-12

Cardiorespiratory fitness or VO2 max is an important component in supporting the performance of rugby athletes who require high endurance, but nutritional imbalances are still often found among athletes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between macro nutrient intake and iron intake with physical fitness (cardiorespiratory) among athletes of the Surabaya State University Rugby Club. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional design involving 33 athletes. Macronutrient intake was obtained through a 2x24-hour food recall, iron intake was measured using the Iron-Semi Quantitaive Food Frequency Questionnaire (Iron-SQFFQ), and physical fitness was measured using the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1). The average energy intake of athletes was 2040 ± 457.9 kcal/day, protein 88.3 ± 15.9 g/day, fat 78.2 ± 15.4 g/day, and carbohydrate intake 248.4 ± 75.8 g/day. The average iron intake was 13.7 ± 5.05 mg/day, with most athletes falling into the good category (81.8%). The average VO2 max value of the athletes was 45.0 ± 4.63 ml/kgBW/minute, with the dominant category being sufficient to very good. Data analysis used Spearman's rank correlation test. The correlation test results showed that energy intake (p= 0.008; r=0.451), fat intake (p= 0.004; r= 0.488), and iron intake (p= 0.008; r=0.451) were significantly related significantly with physical fitness, while protein intake (p= 0.133; r=0.267) and carbohydrate intake (p= 0.801; r=0.046) did not show a significant relationship. It was concluded that adequate energy, fat, and iron intake are related to the cardiorespiratory fitness of rugby athletes.

The Effectiveness Of Early Mobilization On Intestinal Peristalsis In Post-Caesarean Section Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia At Cilacap Regional Hospital

Dhea Yulianita Dhea Yulianita — 2026-05-07

Caesarean section (CS) with spinal anesthesia often causes paralytic ileus due to intestinal peristalsis inhibition, which slows patient recovery. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of early mobilization on intestinal peristalsis frequency in post-CS patients at Cilacap Regional General Hospital. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group, the population was post-CS patients with spinal anesthesia in the Mawar Room (December 2025), a sample of 44 respondents via purposive sampling (Slovin formula, e=5%). Instruments included observation sheets, stethoscopes, and informed consent; data analysis used Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon Signed Rank, and Mann-Whitney. The results showed a significant increase: 4 hours post-CS from 3.66 to 4.59 times/minute (p<0.001, Z=-4.667); 6 hours from 7.09 to 8.48 times/minute (p<0.001, Z=-5.756), with superiority at 6 hours (p=0.000). It was concluded that early mobilization was effective in accelerating the recovery of intestinal peristalsis, especially at 6 hours post-operatively.

Impact Of EWS Implementation On The Quality Of Inpatient Services In Indonesian Hospitals : Literature Review

Vica Firdausa — 2026-05-21

The Early Warning Score (EWS) is a clinical monitoring system used in inpatient settings to detect early signs of patient deterioration. EWS is expected to improve hospital service quality, particularly in patient safety. This article aims to review the impact of EWS implementation on the quality of inpatient care in hospitals in Indonesia using a literature review method. Data were obtained from six open access scientific articles published in 2020-2026 through searches on Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Garuda Portal with the keywords "Early Warning Score" AND "Service Quality" AND "Inpatient" AND "Hospital". The review shows that EWS holds great potential in reducing mortality and enhancing early detection of clinical deterioration. However, its effectiveness highly depends on system quality, healthcare provider engagement, and organizational support. Low usage rates of EWS remain a significant barrier to achieving its full benefits. EWS implementation contributes positively to the quality of inpatient services, but optimal application is necessary to maximize its clinical impact.

Mapping And Analysis Of Measles Cases In Children Aged 1-9 Years In Situbondo Regency In 2024

Rizma Khaila Putri Hamdani — 2026-05-12

This study aims to map and analyze measles cases in children aged 1-9 years in Situbondo Regency in 2024, based on measles immunization coverage and population density. Using a descriptive analytical method with an ecological study approach and secondary data from the 2024 East Java Health Profile, the unit of analysis was 17 sub-districts in Situbondo Regency. Spatial analysis was conducted using Health Mapper and GeoDa for Global Moran's I and Bivariate Local Indicator of Spatial Association (BiLISA). The results showed that measles immunization coverage in all sub-districts has not reached the national target of 95%, with Panji District having the highest proportion of cases. Global Moran's I analysis found a significant negative spatial autocorrelation between immunization coverage and measles cases (I = -0.330, p = 0.015), indicating that areas with high immunization coverage tend to be adjacent to areas with low cases, and vice versa. Meanwhile, for population density, no significant spatial autocorrelation was found (I = 0.217, p = 0.053), although densely populated areas tended to have a higher proportion of cases. This indicates that while immunization coverage has a clear spatial relationship with measles cases, population density is not the sole determining factor.

Optimization Of Patient Flow Management To Reduce Waiting Time In Outpatient Services: A Study In A Type B Hospital In Jakarta

Wahyu Purnama — 2026-05-15

Patient waiting time is an important indicator of hospital service quality and significantly affects patient satisfaction as well as operational efficiency. To analyze factors contributing to prolonged waiting times and to evaluate patient flow management interventions in outpatient services. This was a quasi-experimental study using a pre–post intervention design. Data were collected over three months before and after the intervention, which included the implementation of an electronic registration system, time-based scheduling, and redistribution of medical staff. The average waiting time decreased from 120 ± 30 minutes to 65 ± 20 minutes (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction increased from 68% to 85%. The main contributing factors were physician delays, registration bottlenecks, and imbalance in patient load distribution. Patient flow management-based interventions significantly reduced waiting time and improved patient satisfaction. Continuous implementation and routine monitoring are required.

Systematic Literature Review: The Effect Of Different Binders On Paracetamol Tablets

Nadine Ayu Syaima Gustaf Prins — 2026-05-16

This study aims to examine the effect of different binders on the physical quality of paracetamol tablets using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Paracetamol tablets are one of the preparations widely used as analgesics and antipyretics, so the choice of binder plays an important role in determining tablet quality, such as hardness, friability, disintegration time, dissolution, and physical and chemical stability. The method used is a literature study of various studies related to variations in binders in paracetamol tablet formulations and evaluation of their physical quality. The results of the study indicate that the type and concentration of binders have a significant effect on tablet characteristics. Binders such as PVP, gelatin, kawista pectin, konjac glucomannan, durian seed starch, cassava starch, pregelatinized corn starch phosphate, and various other natural starches show different effects on tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution. Natural binders such as pectin and modified starch show the most optimal results because they are able to produce tablets with good physical quality while maintaining optimal drug release. While synthetic binders such as PVP and gelatin provide strong binding strength and improve tablet stability, their use in high concentrations can prolong disintegration time and decrease dissolution. Overall, selecting the right binder is crucial for producing paracetamol tablets that meet pharmacopoeial requirements and provide optimal therapeutic efficacy.

Medicinal Chemistry Review Of Bioactive Compounds In Moringa Leaves (Moringa Oleifera) As Natural Antioxidants

Saeful Amin Saeful Amin — 2026-05-25

Moringa oleifera leaves are widely used in the health sector due to their rich content of bioactive compounds with potential as natural antioxidants. Secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids play an important role in scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage. This article aims to review the potential of bioactive compounds in Moringa oleifera leaves as antioxidants from a medicinal chemistry perspective. The study was conducted using a literature review method by analyzing national and international scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026 from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The findings indicate that the antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaves is mainly influenced by flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In addition, extraction methods, drying processes, fermentation, and formulation techniques also affect the effectiveness of antioxidant activity. Several studies further report that Moringa oleifera leaves have strong potential to be developed into pharmaceutical preparations and health products due to the stability of their active compounds. Overall, Moringa oleifera leaves represent a promising natural antioxidant source for further development in the field of pharmaceutical science based on natural products.

Overview Of Behaviors To Prevent Transmission Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Families In The Sokaraja 1 Community Health Center Working Area

Defitri Siregar — 2026-05-24

Pulmonary tuberculosis remains a major health problem in Indonesia, particularly in high-prevalence areas such as Sokaraja 1 Community Health Center, Banyumas, where families play a crucial role in preventing transmission. This study aims to describe the behavior of preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in families of sufferers. Using a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design with a univariate approach, a population of 89 families was sampled via total sampling. A 10-item Likert questionnaire instrument (validity r=0.582-0.734; reliability α=0.817) was analyzed univariately using SPSS (frequency, mean, table). The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (73%), aged 36-45 years (34.8%), had junior high school education (38%), and were housewives (49.4%), with negative (76.4%) versus positive (23.6%) prevention behaviors. The conclusion suggests that suboptimal behavior indicates the need for intensive education to improve household compliance to reduce TB transmission.

Near-Fatal Asthma With Severe Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure Requiring Mechanical Ventilation In A Resource-Limited Setting: A Case Report

Sinta Triagustina — 2026-05-05

Near-fatal asthma (NFA) is a life-threatening manifestation of acute severe asthma characterized by hypercapnia, respiratory acidosis, altered consciousness, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Early recognition and timely airway stabilization are essential to prevent respiratory arrest and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. A 41-year-old woman with a history of asthma was brought to the emergency department with decreased consciousness and severe respiratory distress. On arrival, her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 5, respiratory rate was 35 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation was 46% on room air. Arterial blood gas analysis demonstrated life-threatening hypercapnic respiratory failure (pH 6.954; PaCO₂ 95.4 mmHg; P/F ratio 87). Due to worsening respiratory failure and decreased level of consciousness, the patient underwent immediate endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation and was admitted to the intensive care unit. She received systemic corticosteroids, repeated bronchodilator therapy, aminophylline infusion, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Lung-protective ventilatory strategies with prolonged expiratory time were applied. The patient improved rapidly and was successfully extubated on the second day of mechanical ventilation, with subsequent discharge in stable condition. Appropriate ventilatory strategies combined with guideline-based pharmacological therapy are essential to improve outcomes in patients with near-fatal asthma presenting with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure, even in resource-limited settings.

Strengthening ILP Standards Through Education And Simulation Of Diabetes Mellitus Screening Based On E- Health Center In Sukosari Village

Nabilah Ayu Ash-Shiddiqi — 2026-05-07

This increase in cases of diabetes mellitus as part of non-communicable diseases requires strengthening primary health care-based screening, including through optimizing the role of health cadres at the village level. However, the limited knowledge and skills of cadres are one of the obstacles in implementing early detection. This community service activity aims to improve the competence of cadres through the SINERGI (Simulation and Education for Diabetes Screening) program. The method used is descriptive quantitative with total sampling techniques on 27 health cadres who participated in the training. The evaluation was conducted through pre-tests and post-tests to measure changes in knowledge before and after the intervention. The results showed an increase in the average score from 46.29 (poor category) to 80 (good category), and 96% of cadres experienced an increase in their scores. These findings indicate that a combination of role-play-based education and simulation is effective in improving the capacity of cadres in diabetes mellitus screening at the village level.

The Relationship Between Nutritional Status And The Incidence Of Anemia In Pregnant Women At The Mayangan Jombang Community Health Center

Nikmatul Ulfa Nikmatul Ulfa — 2026-05-12

Anemia during pregnancy remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, leading to the risk of premature birth, postpartum hemorrhage, and maternal death. One contributing factor is malnutrition or Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Mayangan Community Health Center, Jombang Regency. This analytical study, using a cross-sectional design, involved 183 pregnant women selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through measuring the Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) and analyzing hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The majority of respondents showed good nutritional status (73.8%) and did not experience anemia (55.7%). The results of the Chi-Square analysis showed a p-value of 0.028 (p < 0.05) with a χ² value of 5.222. There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Mayangan Community Health Center. The better the mother's nutritional status, the lower the risk of anemia.

Overview Of Vitamin A Supplementation Among Stunted Toddlers In The Working Area Of The Giligenting District Health Center, Sumenep Regency

Indah Nor Faiqoh — 2026-05-12

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that remains high in Indonesia, including in Sumenep Regency. Stunting is caused by long-term nutritional deficiencies, recurrent infections, and micronutrient deficiencies, one of which is vitamin A. Vitamin A plays an important role in growth, immune function, and cellular metabolism. This study aimed to describe the administration of vitamin A supplementation among stunted toddlers in the working area of the Gili Genting Community Health Center, Sumenep Regency. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 117 stunted toddlers based on 2024 data, and all were included as the research sample. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the Community Health Center. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most stunted toddlers were in the age group of 12–59 months, totaling 69 children, while those aged 6–11 months were 48 children. The highest distribution of stunted toddlers was found in Bringsang Village with 48 children. The coverage of vitamin A supplementation was still not optimal, where only 23.08% of toddlers received vitamin A capsules according to the recommended schedule of twice a year, 35.90% received it less than twice, and 41.03% never received vitamin A supplementation. The conclusion of this study indicates that the coverage of vitamin A supplementation among stunted toddlers in the working area of the Gili Genting Community Health Center is still low. Increased nutrition education for parents, strengthening of posyandu (integrated health service posts), and equitable distribution of vitamin A capsules are needed to support efforts to reduce the prevalence of stunting.

The Relationship between Resilience and Parenting Stress in Single Parents with a History of Divorce Based on Roy's Adaptation Theory in Dander District

Rina Afif Alviani — 2026-05-21

The divorce rate in Indonesia is increasing sharply, posing challenges for single parents in Dander District, Bojonegoro, related to economic burden and parenting stress. This study aims to analyze the relationship between resilience and parenting stress in divorced single parents based on Roy's Adaptation Theory. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional correlational design, data were collected from 68 single parents (population 211) through a validated Resilience Scale (36 items, Cronbach's α = 0.815) and Parenting Stress Index (34 items, r = 0.912). Simple random sampling and Pearson correlation analysis in SPSS 25.0 (α = 0.05) were applied. The results showed a dominant moderate resilience (60.3%) and moderate parenting stress (56.4%), with a weakly significant negative correlation (r = -0.325, p = 0.007). In conclusion, resilience-enhancing interventions based on Roy's model are effective in reducing parenting stress, preventing negative impacts on children in rural areas.

Factors Causing Pending BPJS Health Claims For Inpatient Services At Waled Regional Hospital In The Third Quarter Of 2025

Tiara Atika Tri Kamilah — 2026-05-16

Pending BPJS Kesehatan claims remain a significant obstacle to hospital financing as they can disrupt cash flow and service continuity. This study aims to analyze the factors causing pending BPJS Kesehatan claims for inpatient services at Waled Regional Hospital in the third quarter of 2025. The study used a descriptive quantitative design with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The population and sample consisted of 908 pending claim files using a total sampling technique. The research instrument was a checklist, while data analysis was conducted descriptively using frequency distribution and percentages. The results showed that the most common cause of pending claims was the coding aspect at 41.9%, followed by the medical aspect at 35.0% and the administrative aspect at 23.1%. In the administrative aspect, the most dominant problem was the mismatch of care classes. In the medical aspect, the main cause was neonatal asphyxia that did not meet the TKMKB criteria. In the coding aspect, the most common problem was inaccurate diagnosis codes or those that needed to be adjusted to clinical data based on verification BPJS. In conclusion, pending claims at Waled Regional Hospital are multidimensional and interrelated, thus requiring strengthening clinical documentation, coding accuracy, and integrated administrative verification.

Development Of Banana Stem Extract Cream Formulation (Musa Acuminata X Musa Balbisiana) As An Antioxidant

Sugiarti Windarsih — 2026-05-12

According to the Central Statistics Agency for 2021, this year's banana harvest reached 2.39 million tons. Banana tree trunk waste has been thrown away, but it turns out it has the potential to be used as a cosmetic product. If you want to achieve the desired effect from a preparation, you must use the right formulation. The aim of this research is to obtain a cream preparation formula containing jackfruit banana tree stem extract that is safe, effective and stable. The research method used was an experimental method. Making the extract used the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. The cream preparation formula is made from jackfruit banana tree trunk extract, namely formulas 1, 2 and 3, the formula process uses the method of melting and mixing the ingredients and active substances. An evaluation was carried out on the cream preparation and its stability was tested, including observing homogeneity, measuring pH, organoleptics, testing the type of emulsion, testing the stickiness of the cream and testing the spreadability. In the physical evaluation, creams F0, F1, F2 and F3 meet the physical stability requirements. Meanwhile, the stability test for F1 and F2 creams was unstable after 1 month of storage. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that jackfruit banana tree stem extract can be formulated into a cream preparation.

Student Perceptions Of The Smoke-Free Area (Ktr) Regulations On The Faculty Of Medicine And Health Sciences (Fkik) Campus, University Of Jambi, In 2026

M. Dicky Dermawan — 2026-05-07

The implementation of smoke-free zones on campus still faces significant challenges. This phenomenon indicates that the existence of a policy (stimulus) does not automatically result in uniform compliance (response). These differences in response are heavily influenced by students' perceptions. The objective of this study is to conduct a deeper analysis of students' perceptions regarding the Smoke-Free Zone (SFZ) regulations at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Jambi. The research method employed a quantitative approach using a survey. The study was conducted at the FKIK UNJA campus within the Public Health program. Results of this study indicated that the majority of respondents were 19 years old, totaling 35 respondents (63.6%). The majority of respondents were female, totaling 48 respondents (87.3%). The majority of respondents were non-smokers or had quit smoking, totaling 53 respondents (96.4%). Most respondents had good knowledge, totaling 47 respondents (85.5%). Most respondents had a positive perception of the implementation of smoke-free zones, totaling 34 respondents (61.8%). Conclusion In general, a high level of knowledge tends to be accompanied by a positive perception of the implementation of smoke-free zones on campus, thereby creating a healthy, smoke-free environment.

The Effect Of Toddler Mothers’ Classes On Mothers’ Attitudes In Providing Complementary Feeding (Mpasi) To Infants Aged 5–6 Months In The Working Area Of Rongga Health Center In 2025

Fathia Rizki — 2026-05-07

Stunting remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in the working area of Rongga Community Health Center. One of the contributing factors to stunting is the inappropriate provision of complementary feeding (MP-ASI). The “Mother and Toddler Class” is an educational program designed to improve mothers’ attitudes toward MP-ASI provision. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Mother and Toddler Class on mothers’ attitudes in providing MP-ASI to infants aged 5–6 months in the Rongga Community Health Center working area in 2025. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of mothers with infants aged 5–6 months, selected using stratified random sampling with a lottery method. Data were collected through attitude questionnaires administered before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using the McNemar test. The results showed that the average attitude score of mothers increased after participating in the Mother and Toddler Class. Statistical analysis indicated a p-value < 0.05, meaning there was a significant difference between mothers’ attitudes before and after attending the class. The Mother and Toddler Class had a significant effect on improving mothers’ attitudes in providing MP-ASI to infants aged 5–6 months. This program should be conducted routinely to support stunting prevention through improved complementary feeding practices.

Repeated Cases Of Deaths And Tragic Disasters The Causes And Integrated, Sustainable Solutions According To The Indonesian Lsipi Family

Darmawijaya bin Idris bin Idris — 2026-05-15

This study aims to explain “Repeated Cases of Deaths and Tragic Disasters: Their Causes and Integrated, Sustainable Solutions According to the LSIPI Family of Indonesia.” The method used in this study is the constructive critical historical method. The study finds that the main cause of repeated deaths and tragic disasters is the lack of integration between religious knowledge and academic knowledge in both theory and methodology. This phenomenon causes individuals, families, communities, organizations, companies, nations, and states throughout the world to experience helplessness (sterility) in preventing deaths and tragic disasters. This condition triggers economic losses, tragic deaths, destruction of business places, destruction of homes, and may even lead to Nuclear War, World War, and premature Doomsday. The only solution in the field of science and knowledge to overcome this helplessness (sterility) is to conduct in-depth research on religious knowledge and academic knowledge so that these two forms of knowledge may unite into one new, perfect, and blessed academic force. This success would become a very important and invaluable first step for every individual, family, community, organization, company, nation, and state in preventing economic losses, tragic deaths, destruction of business places, destruction of homes, Nuclear War, World War III, and premature Doomsday worldwide after COVID-19. This success is the key to preventing the negative impacts of religion and academic science, as explained by Albert Einstein, who said: “Religion without academic science is lame. Academic science without religion is blind.” This success would cause religious knowledge and academic knowledge to work in one complete unity through a new, perfect, and blessed academic science called Islamic Academic Science. This Islamic Academic Science is offered by the LSIPI Family of Indonesia as an integrated and sustainable solution in preventing and overcoming repeated deaths and tragic disasters in the end times. In the perspective of the Qur’an, this Islamic Academic Science is the knowledge commanded by Allah in Surah Al-‘Alaq verses 1–5 more than 1,400 years ago. This Islamic Academic Science is the result of our family’s independent experience and research in preventing chronic trauma and mental disability for 23 years (2002–2025), so that it would not end in heart attacks, strokes, schizophrenia, suicide, or premature death, while at the same time becoming a path for our family to achieve peaceful life, independence, and sustainable total recovery from chronic trauma, mental disability, and their complications. Facilitating multicultural societies (Muslims and non-Muslims) in achieving Sustainable Happiness, in accordance with the prayer taught by Allah in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 201, is the highest achievement that can be obtained through the teaching and development of Islamic Academic Science as the discovery and product of the LSIPI Family of Indonesia through 23 years of independent thought and research.

Analysis Of The Relationship Between Personal Protective Equipment (Ppe) Compliance And Workplace Accident Risk: A Literature Review

Nurul Alia Fachrani Kusuma — 2026-05-12

Workplace accidents remain a major occupational safety issue across various industries, and low compliance with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use continues to increase injury risk. This literature review aimed to analyze the relationship between PPE compliance and workplace accident risk. The study used a qualitative literature review approach by reviewing five quantitative empirical studies published between 2022 and 2025. The findings consistently showed that proper and consistent PPE use was associated with lower workplace accident and injury risk. Knowledge, attitude, and safe work behavior were also identified as important factors influencing PPE compliance. Several studies further showed that incomplete PPE availability, weak supervision, and poor enforcement of safety procedures reduced compliance and increased accident risk. In conclusion, PPE compliance is an important protective factor in improving workplace safety. Therefore, workplace accident prevention should focus not only on PPE provision, but also on strengthening worker education, supervision, and safety culture.

Analysis Of Risk Factors For TB Transmission In Healthcare Workers And Optimization Strategies For TB Transmission Prevention At Bun Hospital

Yuly Periostiowati Yuly Periostiowati — 2026-05-12

Prevention and control of Tuberculosis (TB) in healthcare facilities is crucial due to the high risk of transmission among healthcare workers. At BUN Hospital, six nurses were confirmed with TB during the 2025 annual screening, despite the implementation of the four pillars of TB IPC. This community service activity aims to analyze risk factors for TB transmission among healthcare workers and to formulate strategies for optimizing TB transmission prevention. The method used was a stepwise analysis: a fishbone diagram to map root causes, USG analysis to determine problem priorities, and SWOT analysis to formulate strategies. The analysis results were presented through interactive dissemination to management, the IPC Team, Quality Team, doctors, and nurses. The study identified inadequate socialization of TB SOPs and a weak monitoring system as the main risk factors causing suboptimal compliance with PPE use. Two priority strategies were agreed upon: a) periodic socialization and retraining on TB IPC SOPs; b) strengthening the monitoring system for SOP implementation. This activity results in management commitment to follow up on these strategies. It was concluded that optimizing SOP socialization and strengthening the monitoring system for SOP implementation, supported by management commitment, can serve as a strategy for preventing TB transmission among healthcare workers at BUN Hospital.

Overview of Insulin Leaf Tea Administration on Blood Sugar People in Kemutug Kidul Village

Rizka Intan Amelia Putri — 2026-05-16

This study was initiated by the high incidence of hyperglycemia and the need for simple, safe, and easily implemented complementary therapies in the community. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of insulin leaf tea on blood glucose levels in the community in Kemutug Kidul Village. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest model. The population consisted of 36 diabetes mellitus sufferers, while the sample was selected using purposive sampling of 5 respondents. The research instruments included a glucometer, observation sheets, and intervention guidelines, while the data were analyzed descriptively by comparing pre- and post-intervention values. The results showed that all respondents experienced a decrease in blood glucose levels after consuming insulin leaf tea for 10 days, with an average decrease of 131.2 mg/dl. It was concluded that insulin leaf tea has the potential to be a non-pharmacological complementary therapy in helping control blood glucose, although this finding is still limited by the small sample size and the lack of a control group.

The Absorption Rate Of Absorbable Sutures In Oral Surgery Patients

Titis Wicaksono Giman — 2026-05-16

Absorbable sutures are a type of suture material that undergo degradation and are gradually absorbed by body tissues over a certain period, eliminating the need for manual removal. To provide an understanding of the absorption characteristics of absorbable sutures, which is essential for clinicians in selecting the most appropriate material for each oral surgical procedure. This study is a qualitative research in the form of a literature review using secondary data collected in April 2026 from three scientific databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Articles were retrieved from various online scientific journal sources using the keywords “absorbable sutures,” “absorption rate,” “oral surgery,” and “dental surgery sutures.” The absorption rate of absorbable sutures is a crucial factor influencing wound healing outcomes in oral surgical procedures. Unlike other body tissues, the oral cavity has a unique and more aggressive environment, characterized by high moisture due to saliva, the presence of various enzymes (proteases and esterases), fluctuations in pH and temperature, and a high level of microbial colonization. Fast-absorbing sutures, such as polyglactin, are suitable for mucosal tissues as they reduce inflammatory reactions and improve patient comfort. However, suture selection must still be tailored to the wound condition and the required tissue strength.

Overview Of The Risk Of Falls In The Elderly At The Dharma Bhakti Kasih Nursing Home in Surakarta

Devi Natasya Faradilla — 2026-05-12

Falls are a major health problem in the elderly, contributing to high rates of injury, decreased independence, and increased need for long-term care. Falls not only impact physical health but also create a fear of activity, thus worsening the quality of life for the elderly. Increasing age, decreased musculoskeletal function and balance, and unsafe living conditions are factors that increase the risk of falls. This study aims to determine the description of the risk of falling in the elderly at the Dharma Bhakti Kasih Surakarta Nursing Home. The research design used is descriptive quantitative with observation method. The number of respondents was 30 elderly selected using purposive sampling technique. This research instrument used the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) to assess the level of fall risk. Results: The study shows that based on the characteristics of respondents based on initial age 60-75 years (50%), the majority of gender is female 18 respondents (60%). Most of the elderly have a low risk of falling (50%), no risk of falling (40%) and only a small portion have a high risk of falling (10%). The majority of elderly have a low risk of falling (50%) of 30 respondents.

Factors Associated With Chronic Energy Deficiency (Ced) In Adolescent Girls Aged 10-19 In Jambi Province

Lione Alfionita Hafidz — 2026-05-05

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a critical nutritional issue among Indonesian adolescent girls. In Jambi Province, its prevalence shows a fluctuating upward trend, requiring a thorough analysis of risk determinants. This study aimed to determine CED prevalence and analyze its association with macronutrient intake frequency, infectious diseases, hygiene behavior, physical activity, and family size. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design with 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) secondary data. The sample consisted of 1,082 adolescent girls (10–19 years) in Jambi Province. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Cox Regression to identify dominant factors and Prevalence Ratios (PR). CED prevalence was remarkably high at 56.1%, predominantly in the 15–19 age group (51.6%). Nutritional patterns showed infrequent consumption of carbohydrates (51.7%), fats (66.0%), and proteins (58.3%). While most respondents reported good hygiene and no infection history, bivariate analysis showed no significant association with CED. However, multivariate analysis identified light physical activity as the dominant factor significantly associated with CED risk (p-value: 0.045; PR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.00–2.08). Physical activity is the primary determinant of CED among adolescent girls in Jambi. These findings highlight the urgency for comprehensive nutritional interventions focusing on energy balance and dietary quality.

The Influence Of Health Education On The Impact Of Electronic Cigarettes (Vape) With Audiovisual Media On Knowledge Of The Dangers Of Electronic Cigarettes Among Youth Communities In The Depok Area In 2025

Indy Nurrohmah Indy Nurrohmah — 2026-05-07

The prevalence of e-cigarettes in Indonesia increased by 3% in 2021 according to the Ministry of Health's GATS, with a high knowledge gap among adolescents in Depok due to modern lifestyle trends. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on the dangers of vaping using audiovisual media on adolescent knowledge. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted on a population of 50 adolescents in RT 07 Sukamaju Depok, with a sample of 20 respondents via purposive sampling. The Guttman scale questionnaire instrument was analyzed using univariate frequency and bivariate Kolmogorov-Smirnov post-normality t-test (p=0.072). The results showed a decrease in knowledge from less than 60% to 30%, an increase from sufficient to 40% to 55%, and good from 0% to 15%, with p=0.013. Audiovisual education is effective in significantly increasing adolescent knowledge.

The Effect Of Fishing Ball Therapy And Puzzle Therapy On Cognitive Function In Elderly Patients With Dementia At Club Bugar Ideal, Bojonggede District, Bogor Regency In 2025

Abdullah Assjidiq — 2026-05-07

Dementia increases with age, especially in the elderly population. Dementia is a clinical syndrome with progressive decline in cognitive function that interferes with independence and daily activities. Dementia can also cause serious complications, such as a decline in quality of life and health problems that are often the leading causes of mortality. To determine the effect of fishing ball therapy and puzzle therapy on cognitive function in elderly people with dementia at Club Bugar Ideal, Bojonggede District. This study was a quantitative study using a quasi-experimental approach with one equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was conducted using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Shapiro-Wilk test using Jamovi 2.6.26 software. The average age of respondents was over 60 years old. In terms of gender, the majority were female, with 27 respondents (69.2%). In terms of education, the majority had only completed elementary school, with 17 respondents (43.6%). In terms of employment, the majority were unemployed, with 29 respondents (74.4%). In terms of medical history, the majority had a history of illness, with 23 respondents (59%). Based on the results of the group A fishing ball p value (0.181) > 0.05 and group B Puzzle p value (0.095) > 0.05, meaning that there was no effect of therapy in either the fishing ball or puzzle groups on the cognitive function of the elderly before and after therapy, whereas there was an effect of therapy in group C (fishing ball and puzzle) on the cognitive function of the elderly before and after therapy. The results of the difference test showed no significant differences between the therapy groups, namely fishing ball therapy (A), puzzle therapy (B), and a combination of fishing ball and puzzle therapy (C). The p-values for the comparisons between groups were (A–B p=0.594; A–C p=0.440; B–C p=0.804). Non-pharmacological therapy, namely a combination of fishing ball and puzzle therapy, can improve cognitive function in elderly people with dementia.

Physical Activity as a Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Chronic Pain in Elderly Gouty Arthritis

Siti Naimatuz Zahro — 2026-05-21

Chronic pain in elderly people with gout arthritis remains a problem that lacks structured treatment, negatively impacting their quality of life and daily activities. This study aims to analyze the effect of physical activity on the level of chronic pain in elderly people with gout arthritis in Kejambon Hamlet, Dapurkejambon Village. The study used a quantitative research type with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted on elderly people experiencing gout arthritis pain with a mild and moderate pain scale, taken using a purposive sampling technique according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 20 respondents. Data were collected using a pre-post test pain scale observation sheet and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results showed that, before the intervention, most respondents experienced moderate pain (15 respondents (75%), and after the intervention, most respondents experienced a decrease in pain levels to mild (15 respondents (75%). The Wilcoxon test results showed a significance value of 0.001 (p <0.05), which means there is a significant effect of physical activity on reducing the level of chronic pain in elderly people with gout arthritis. It was concluded that physical activity significantly reduced chronic pain levels in elderly people with gouty arthritis. This study recommends that this activity can be used as an effective non-pharmacological intervention in geriatric nursing practice.

The Relationship Between Mothers’ Level Of Knowledge And The Completion Of The Full Series Of Basic Immunizations (IDL) Among 12-Month-Old Infants In The Service Area Of The Tempurejo Community Health Center

Diah Shari Kusuma Anggraini — 2026-05-15

In Indonesia, there are still many babies who have not received complete immunizations or have never been immunized since birth. According to the Central Statistics Agency, the coverage of Complete Basic Immunization in East Java in 2023 reached 62.67%, in Jember 53.90% while at the Tempurejo Health Center 67.8%. Many factors hinder the immunization program, one of which is the lack of knowledge of mothers. Based on a preliminary study, it was found that most mothers brought their babies to the Posyandu just to be weighed. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of Mother’s Knowledge Level with Complete Basic Immunization Completeness in 12 Months Old Babies. This research is quantitative with an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional approach. Respondents were 39 people selected using purposive sampling techniques and analysis tests using Chi Square. The level of maternal knowledge was less than 41%, sufficient at 28.2%, and good at 30.8%, while basic immunization was incomplete at 53.8% and complete basic immunization at 46.2%. The results of the Chi Square test obtained a p-value of 0.001 < α (0.05), meaning there was a relationship between the level of maternal knowledge and the completeness of Complete Basic Immunization with a contingency coefficient value of 0.52 (moderate). The better a mother's knowledge, the higher the likelihood that her baby will receive complete basic immunizations. Midwives are expected to approach and educate mothers of toddlers about the importance of complete basic immunizations for infants, which are carried out routinely and continuously at every integrated health post.

Analysis Of Drug Logistics Planning Management In Community Health Centers New Pakuan Of Jambi City

Siti Aisah — 2026-05-16

Drug logistics planning in primary healthcare centers remains a major challenge in ensuring medicine availability and continuity of health services. Inadequate planning often leads to stockouts, overstock, and mismatches between drug supply and patient needs. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of drug logistics planning management at Pakuan Baru Public Health Center, Jambi City. This research used a qualitative observational design with a case study approach. The population consisted of all personnel involved in drug logistics planning, while seven informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation checklists, and document review of LPLPO, stock cards, and planning reports. Data analysis employed the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing with triangulation techniques. The results showed that drug planning was conducted through stages of drug selection, consumption compilation, calculation of drug needs, projection, and procurement adjustment based on LPLPO data, National Formulary, and consumption methods. However, several obstacles were identified, including distribution delays, mismatches between proposed and received drugs, limited budgets, and recurring stock shortages. In conclusion, drug logistics planning management at the health center has generally followed national guidelines, but improvements in data based planning, distribution systems, and monitoring are still required to optimize drug availability and service continuity.

Analysis Of Factors Associated With Employee Performance At The Health Office Of Southwest Papua Province In 2026

Linda Margared Antaribaba — 2026-05-21

This study aims to analyze factors associated with employee performance at the Health Office of Southwest Papua Province in 2026. This research used an analytical quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all employees totaling 97 respondents, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires based on each research variable. Data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The results showed that most respondents had good performance (61.9%), good leadership (57.7%), high work motivation (60.8%), good competence (63.9%), and a supportive work environment (59.8%). However, the majority of respondents experienced a heavy workload (53.6%). Bivariate analysis revealed significant relationships between leadership (p=0.003), work motivation (p=0.001), competence (p=0.002), work environment (p=0.003), and workload (p=0.004) with employee performance. The multivariate analysis indicated that work motivation was the most dominant factor associated with employee performance, with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 3.35. This implies that employees with high work motivation are more likely to have good performance compared to those with low motivation. In conclusion, all independent variables were significantly related to employee performance, with work motivation as the most dominant factor. It is recommended to improve employee motivation through incentives, career development, and better workload management.

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index (BMI) And The Incidence Of Primary Dysmenorrhea Among Female Adolescents At La Tansa 2 Senior High School In 2025

Aminah Aminah — 2026-05-12

Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is often experienced by adolescent girls and can interfere with daily activities. One factor that is thought to be related to dysmenorrhea is Body Mass Index (BMI), because being underweight or overweight can affect the balance of reproductive hormones. This study aims to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls at La Tansa 2 High School. This study used a descriptive analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all female students at La Tansa 2 High School who were menstruating, with a simple size of 77 respondents using total sampling that met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires and measurements of weight and height to determine BMI. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. The results showed that of 77 respondents, 34 respondents (44.2%) had abnormal nutritional status, including underweight, overweight, and obesity. Of those with the abnormal nutritional status, 25 respondents (73.5%) experienced dysmenorrhea. Based on the chi-square results, a p-value of 0.568 (p> 0.05) was obtained, indicating no significant relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the incidence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescent at La Tansa High School in 2025. In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescent at SMA La Tansa 2 in 2025. It is hoped that female adolescent will continue to manage stress and maintain a balanced diet to help reduce dysmenorrhea complaints.

Analysis of Mental Health Nursing Clinical Practice on Mr. H with Positive Affirmation Therapy Innovation on Changes in Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Low Self-Esteem in the Elang Ward, Atma Husada Mahakam Mental Hospital, Samarinda

Desma Ramadini — 2026-05-07

Low self-esteem is a common mental health nursing problem among patients with severe mental disorders and has a significant impact on self-evaluation, self-confidence, and social functioning. This study aims to examine mental health nursing clinical practice in Mr. H through the application of positive affirmation therapy as an innovative intervention to reduce signs and symptoms of low self-esteem in the Elang Ward of Atma Husada Mahakam Mental Hospital, Samarinda. The method used was a case study with a mental health nursing care process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnosis determination, care planning, implementation, and evaluation. Positive affirmation therapy was applied in a structured manner as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention. The results showed a reduction in signs and symptoms of low self-esteem, accompanied by improvements in the client’s ability to recognize personal strengths, develop self-confidence, and increase participation in activities and social interactions. Based on these findings, positive affirmation therapy is recommended as a supportive intervention in mental health nursing care for clients with low self-esteem and may be further developed in psychiatric nursing practice within mental health hospitals.

The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing Therapy on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in Luwihaji Village Based on Nola J. Pender's Theory

Erlinda Fera Salsabila — 2026-05-07

Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease in Luwihaji Village due to limited access to health care and low knowledge of non-pharmacological therapy. This study aims to examine the effect of slow deep breathing therapy on lowering blood pressure based on Nola J. Pender's Health Promotion Model theory. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group, a population of 40 hypertension sufferers was sampled with 30 respondents (15 intervention, 15 control) via simple random sampling. The digital sphygmomanometer instrument was analyzed univariately (frequency, mean) and bivariately (Paired T-Test, α=0.05) using SPSS. The results showed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (161.40 to 151.73 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (99.07 to 94.20 mmHg) in the intervention group (p=0.000), 100% of respondents decreased versus stable controls (p=0.082). It was concluded that slow deep breathing therapy was effective in lowering blood pressure significantly.

Factors Influencing Pregnant Women’s Compliance With Tetanus Toxoid (Tt) Immunization In Jambi

Yoiko Suci Pyar Restu — 2026-05-12

This study aims to analyze the factors associated with pregnant mothers' compliance in implementing tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization at Puskesmas Talang Banjar, Jambi City. TT immunization is an important program to prevent tetanus in mothers and infants, but its coverage still faces challenges. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design involved 90 pregnant mothers in the working area of Puskesmas Talang Banjar. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring knowledge, attitudes, education level, husband's support, healthcare provider's support, and pregnant mothers' compliance with TT immunization. The study results indicate that the majority of pregnant mothers have positive attitudes towards TT immunization (70%) and most receive good support from their husbands (66.7%) and healthcare providers (66.7%). However, the distribution of pregnant mothers' knowledge is evenly divided between low and high categories, with some areas of knowledge needing improvement, particularly regarding the benefits of TT immunization during pregnancy. Further analysis shows that positive attitudes, husband's support, and healthcare provider's support are correlated with pregnant mothers' compliance in implementing TT immunization. Nevertheless, a portion of respondents still exhibit negative attitudes, lack adequate support from their husbands, or receive low support from healthcare providers. This suggests the need for comprehensive educational and outreach efforts, as well as strengthening the roles of husbands and healthcare providers, to enhance pregnant mothers' awareness and compliance with TT immunization.

Rural And Urban Social Construction Study Regarding Family Planning On The Incident Of Divorce In Banyuwangi District

Mohamad Devan Tri Oktavadhan — 2026-05-12

Divorce cases in Indonesia increased by 15.3%, from 447,743 cases in 2021 to 516,344 cases in 2022. Banyuwangi Regency is one of the regions in East Java with a high number of divorce cases, totaling 39,245 divorce certificates. The distribution of divorce cases in Banyuwangi Regency is evenly spread across both rural and urban areas. The objective of this study is to describe the social constructions of urban and rural communities in Banyuwangi regarding family planning in relation to divorce occurrences in Banyuwangi Regency. This study employs a qualitative method with an exploratory study design to describe the social constructions of rural and urban communities regarding family planning in relation to divorce. Data were collected through interviews grounded in Peter L. Berger’s social construction theory. Data analysis was conducted thematically using the Leximancer software. The results of the study indicate that divorce cases occurring in rural and urban areas of Banyuwangi Regency exhibit different social constructions. This is evident in the dimension of motivation for marriage, where in rural areas it is based on the desire to continue the family line, whereas in urban areas it is based on love. The dimension of family resilience is evident in the differences in the division of roles in child-rearing. Divorce in urban communities is viewed as a formal separation, whereas in rural areas it is seen as a matter of incompatibility. Key factors influencing these dimensions include religion, social pressure, and patriarchal practices in both rural and urban communities in Banyuwangi Regency.

Qualitative Analysis Of Medical Record And Health Information Officers’ Experiences In Using Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Applications Based On The Delone And Mclean Model At Rsud Wangaya Denpasar City

Gede Angga Arviana Putra Putra — 2026-05-12

The development of information technology in the healthcare sector has encouraged healthcare facilities to implement Electronic Medical Records (EMR) systems to improve service efficiency and patient data management. Wangaya Regional General Hospital in Denpasar has implemented EMR in accordance with the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation Number 24 of 2022. However, several challenges are still experienced by system users. This study aims to analyze the experiences of Medical Record and Health Information Officers (PMIK) in using the EMR application based on the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model, which includes system quality, information quality, and service quality. This research employed a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with seven PMIK officers at Wangaya Regional General Hospital. The results indicate that the system quality of EMR is considered relatively easy to use and helpful in supporting daily work activities. However, several obstacles were identified, such as occasional system errors, suboptimal diagnosis code searching, and slower system access when the network is unstable. The information quality is considered sufficiently complete and supportive of healthcare services, although there are occasional cases of duplicate medical record numbers or BPJS numbers and delays in data access under certain conditions. Meanwhile, service quality is perceived as fairly good as the system improves service efficiency and facilitates coordination between units, although training programs have not been evenly distributed and the response to technical issues still needs improvement. Overall, the implementation of EMR at Wangaya Hospital has provided benefits in supporting healthcare services; however, further system development and service support are required to optimize its utilization.

Transforming Quality And Patient Safety Through Healthcare Facility Accreditation: A Systematic Review

Muhammad Iqbal Maulana — 2026-05-21

Healthcare facility accreditation has been widely adopted as an external mechanism for quality assurance and patient safety improvement. However, evidence on its real-world effectiveness remains fragmented across diverse settings, accreditation bodies, and outcome measures. This systematic review aimed to synthesize available evidence on the impact of hospital accreditation programs on the quality of care and patient safety outcomes, comparing accredited with non-accredited hospitals or pre-accreditation status. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for quantitative studies published from April 2000 until April 2026. Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), ROBINS-I, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Twenty-one studies from 13 countries met the inclusion criteria, encompassing cross-sectional surveys, quasi-experimental designs, interrupted time series, longitudinal studies, and qualitative case studies. Evidence predominantly favored accreditation, demonstrating consistent improvements in clinical process quality, patient safety culture, and patient satisfaction. Quasi-experimental and longitudinal designs provided the strongest evidence. Barriers included resource constraints, staff resistance, and variability in leadership engagement. Accreditation is a promising driver of quality and patient safety improvement in hospital settings, particularly when coupled with strong organizational leadership and adequate resourcing. Future research should employ more rigorous study designs and standardized outcome metrics to strengthen the evidence base.

Analysis of The Implementation of Betta Fish–Assisted Animal Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Hospitalized Children at Rsui Madinah, Kasembon District

Ahmad Wasis Setyadi — 2026-05-21

Anxiety in hospitalized children is a disturbance of the need for safety and comfort, reflecting inadequate emotional fulfillment, thus requiring adaptation during the treatment process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of betta fish–assisted animal therapy in reducing anxiety among hospitalized children. This study employed a case study design. The subjects were two hospitalized children experiencing anxiety-related nursing problems in the Wahab Khasbullah Ward at RSUI Madinah Kasembon. Data collection methods included interviews, observations, and documentation using source triangulation. Data analysis was conducted in three stages: (1) data reduction, (2) data display, and (3) conclusion drawing. The nursing evaluation showed that participant 1 (P1) had an anxiety level of HARS scale 12 (no anxiety) and FAS scale 2 (smiling). Meanwhile, participant 2 (P2) had an anxiety level of HARS (mild anxiety) and FAS scale 4 (silent). There was a decrease in anxiety levels among hospitalized children in the Wahab Khasbullah Ward at RSUI Madinah Kasembon after the implementation of betta fish–assisted animal therapy. Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) provides a combination of care activities involving betta fish, where children imagine that a sick fish, when properly cared for, fed, and kept in a clean environment, can recover quickly and avoid illness.

The Effect Of Traditional Lampung Music Therapy On Pain Response In Postoperative Patients At Airan Raya Hospital In Lampung

Emilia Septianti — 2026-05-25

Surgical procedures cause pain, as an unpleasant emotional and sensory experience caused by tissue damage. Traditional Lampung music therapy is a non-pharmacological strategy with the advantage that when the patient reaches full relaxation the perception of pain is reduced, so traditional music therapy (distraction) is very effective when used to treat pain in post-operative patients. The research aims to determine the effect of traditional Lampung music therapy on pain intensity in post-mammary ca surgery patients. This one group pre post test research design was without a comparison group (control) with a sample of 18 respondents. Data on the pain scale felt by respondents before being given traditional Lampung music therapy was moderate pain scale for 15 respondents (83.3%), severe pain scale for 3 respondents (16.7%). After being given treatment, the pain intensity became mild pain scale for 11 respondents (61.1%) and moderate pain scale for 7 respondents (38.9%). The conclusion is that there is a significant influence between traditional Lampung music therapy on pain intensity in post-mammary ca surgery patients, p value = 0.000. Patients can independently use this technique at home to reduce pain after surgery.

Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of The Blud Financial Management Model (Ppk-Blud) On The Financial Performance Of Government Hospitals In Indonesia : A Systematic Review

Grace Yohana — 2026-05-12

The implementation of the Regional Public Service Agency Financial Management Model (PPK-BLUD) is a form of public sector financial management reform that aims to improve the flexibility, efficiency, and accountability of government hospital financial performance. This study aims to examine the impact of BLUD implementation on the financial performance of government hospitals in Indonesia. This study uses a literature review approach to empirical articles that discuss hospital financial performance before and after the implementation of BLUD in Indonesia. The selection process was carried out through stages of identification, screening, and feasibility until nine relevant full-text articles were obtained. The results of the study show that, in general, the implementation of BLUD has a positive impact on increasing revenue and certain financial ratios, especially profitability and liquidity. However, several studies found that this increase was not evenly distributed across all indicators, particularly profitability and service performance. These findings indicate that the success of BLUD implementation is greatly influenced by the quality of financial management, human resource competencies, and the optimization of flexibility provided by regulations.

The Relationship Between Service Quality, Facilities, And Effective Communication With Patient Satisfaction At Carolus Serpong Hospital In 2025

Siska Ayu Puspita — 2026-05-05

Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator of hospital service quality amidst increasing public demand for better healthcare. This study aims to analyze the relationship between service quality, facilities, and effective communication on outpatient satisfaction in the pediatric and obstetrics clinics of Carolus Hospital Serpong in 2025. Using an analytical quantitative cross-sectional design with purposive sampling of 100 respondents, data were collected through a valid (r>0.361) and reliable (α=0.978) SERVQUAL questionnaire, analyzed with Chi-Square and SPSS. The results showed that 80% of respondents were satisfied, with good service quality (61%), facilities (65%), and effective communication (75%). There was a significant relationship between service quality (p=0.016; OR=3.857), facilities (p=0.04; OR=6.896), and effective communication (p=0.009; OR=4.33) on patient satisfaction, with facilities having the strongest influence. It was concluded that the three variables were significantly related to patient satisfaction, and it was recommended that parking facilities and nurse communication training be improved.

Formulation And Test Of Antioxidants And Effectiveness Of Toner Preparations From Pumpkin Fruit Extract (Cucurbita Moschata Duch) Using The Dpph (2,2 Diphenyl - 1-Picrylhydrazyl) Method

Nora Pereira Pinto Nora Pereira Pinto — 2026-05-07

Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) is rich in natural antioxidants to overcome skin xerosis which has a high prevalence in Indonesia, but stable toner formulations are still limited. This study aims to develop a pumpkin extract toner and test its antioxidant activity. This type of quantitative experimental research with variations in extract concentration (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%). The population of fresh fruit from Karanganyar, simplicia samples and 9 female panelists aged 20-25 years. Instruments include a rotary evaporator, pH meter, skin moisture meter, UV-Vis spectrophotometer; SPSS analysis (One-Way ANOVA) and IC50 DPPH regression. The results showed that all formulas met physical standards (pH 4.6-5.6, homogeneous, non-irritant, moisture 46-55%), with very strong IC50 (F0: 44.02 µg/mL; F1: 40.19; F2: 39.65; F3: 38.86 µg/mL), a positive dose-response trend. Formula F3 is optimal as a natural antioxidant toner.

JKN Claim Optimization Strategy in Indonesian Hospitals: Literature Review

Simon Jonatan — 2026-05-07

National Health Insurance (JKN) claims management in Indonesian hospitals still faces various obstacles, such as high pending claims, incomplete medical records, diagnostic and treatment coding errors, limited human resource (HR) competency, and suboptimal integration of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) with the BPJS Kesehatan application. These conditions result in delays in claim disbursement, cash flow disruptions, and the risk of declining service quality. This literature review aims to identify the main factors causing delayed claims and summarize effective JKN claim optimization strategies in Indonesian hospitals. Methods: A literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, Garuda, and DOAJ databases for articles published in 2022–2025 with keywords related to JKN/BPJS claims, INA-CBGs, pending claims, claims management, and SIMRS. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed narratively and synthesized based on a management framework (HR, procedures, information technology, and finance). Strategies consistently recommended in the literature include strengthening the competency of coders and internal verifiers through ongoing training, standardizing claims SOPs and strengthening quality control and cost control, optimizing SIMRS–BPJS integration (end-to-end bridging) to ensure the completeness and accuracy of claim files, and strengthening coordination across units and with BPJS Kesehatan.Strategic management approaches (e.g., 4M/5M, POAC, TQM) have been shown to contribute to a reduction in pending claims and accelerated claim disbursement. Optimizing JKN claims requires integrated interventions across human resources, procedures, information technology, and financial governance. Hospitals are advised to adopt a structured strategic management model, establish claims management performance indicators, and accelerate information system integration to improve the timeliness and quality of claims.

Analysis Of Hydroquinone Levels In Skin-Lightening Creams Available In Kuala Kurun City, Gunung Mas Regency, Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry

Gresty Chintamy — 2026-05-12

The growing public interest in skincare products has coincided with an increase in the use of skin-lightening creams. However, hydroquinone an ingredient banned in cosmetics due to its potential to cause side effects such as ochronosis, dermatitis, and other skin disorders is still found in some skin-lightening creams. Therefore, analysis of hydroquinone content is necessary to ensure product safety in accordance with BPOM regulations. To determine the hydroquinone content and concentration of skin-lightening creams available in Kuala Kurun City, Gunung Mas Regency, and to assess whether these levels comply with the limits set by BPOM. This study was an observational analysis using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis was measured based on the maximum wavelength of compound absorption to confirm the presence of samples, while quantitative analysis was measured based on light absorption intensity (absorbance) proportional to the concentration of hydroquinone compounds in the samples using a calibration curve. The results of the study of facial whitening creams circulating in Kuala Kurun City, Gunung Mas Regency, found hydroquinone in all five samples, with concentrations of 0.334% in sample A, 0.392% in sample B, sample C at 1.902%, sample D at 1.920%, and sample E at 2.553%. Hydroquinone was detected in all samples of skin-lightening creams, with concentrations ranging from 0.334% to 2.553%. This violates BPOM regulations, as hydroquinone is prohibited in cosmetics and is permitted only at a maximum concentration of 0.02% in artificial nails; therefore, these products do not meet cosmetic safety requirements.

The Effect Of Blanket Warmers On Hypothermia In Patients Under General Anesthesia In The Recovery Room Of Siaga Medika Hospital, Purbalingga

Suci Sri Andriyani — 2026-05-12

Postoperative hypothermia is a significant clinical complication for patients undergoing general anesthesia, often resulting from impaired thermoregulation and cold environmental exposure in the operating theater. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of a blanket warmer on body temperature stabilization in postoperative patients experiencing hypothermia in the recovery room. A quantitative study with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted at RSU Siaga Medika Purbalingga. The study included 40 patients selected via purposive sampling who met the inclusion criteria. Body temperature was measured before and at 5, 10, and 15-minute intervals following the application of a blanket warmer. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated that the mean temperature increased significantly from 34.71℃ at baseline to 36.35℃ after 15 minutes of intervention (p<0.001). These findings indicate that the blanket warmer is highly effective in increasing core body temperature and facilitating a return to normothermia within the recovery phase. Implementing this non-pharmacological intervention as a standardized nursing protocol is essential to enhance patient comfort, reduce recovery duration, and minimize anesthesia-related complications.

Literature Review: Integration Of Molecular Docking, ADMET Prediction, And Chemical Modification Of Indonesian Natural Compounds As Anticancer Candidates

Saeful Amin — 2026-05-15

As one of the highest drivers of mortality at the global level, cancer is identified through unregulated cell proliferation. This condition urges researchers to immediately find new therapeutic agents that have a superior safety and efficacy profile. This review analyzes the (CADD) approach, especially the integration of molecular docking, ADMET prediction, and chemical modification, as an important strategy in exploring Indonesian natural product compounds as anticancer candidates. This research aims to review the integrative role of these three approaches in increasing the potential of natural compounds as lead compounds. The method used is a systematic literature review from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The results of a review of various studies show that the in silico approach via molecular docking has succeeded in identifying potential compounds such as squalene, berberine, and quercetin with high binding affinity to cancer targets such as NUDT5, HER2, and EGFR. ADMET prediction and drug-likeness testing (Lipinski's Rule) confirm the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of drug candidates. Furthermore, chemical modifications to lead compounds such as curcumin and gallic acid were proven to increase significantly stability and cytotoxic activity. The integration of this method makes an important contribution in accelerating the discovery of new drugs, reducing research costs, and increasing the opportunities.

The Impact Of Stunting Prevention Counseling Through Education On The Importance Of The First 1,000 Days Of Life

Riza Savita Riza Savita — 2026-05-16

Stunting remains a public health issue in Indonesia, including Tanjung Gunung Village, Central Bangka Regency. Limited maternal knowledge of nutrition during the first 1,000 days of life (1,000 HPK), suboptimal breastfeeding practices, and cultural food taboos contribute to stunting risk. This community service aims to improve nutritional knowledge among high-risk pregnant women (4T) as a stunting prevention effort. A descriptive design with a participatory educational approach was applied through interactive counseling and discussion. The activity involved 25 high-risk pregnant women using leaflets and audiovisual media. Evaluation was conducted descriptively through observation of participation and responses. The results showed good acceptance of the material and high participant engagement. Community-based 1,000 HPK nutrition education is feasible as a promotive and preventive strategy for stunting prevention.

A Literature Review On The Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Approach In The Optimization And Development Of Anticancer Compounds As Drug Candidates

Saeful Amin — 2026-05-25

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with increasing incidence and mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for more effective and selective therapeutic strategies. One widely used approach in medicinal chemistry is the Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR), which aims to understand the relationship between the chemical structure of compounds and their biological activity. This study aims to analyze the role of the SAR approach in the optimization and development of anticancer compounds as drug candidates through a literature review of 15 scientific journals. The method used is a descriptive-comparative approach by evaluating parameters such as compound structure, types of substituents, biological activity, and mechanisms of action. The results indicate that structural modifications, including the addition of hydroxyl, methoxy, and halogen groups, as well as molecular hybridization strategies, significantly enhance anticancer activity, as reflected by IC₅₀ values in the micromolar to nanomolar range. Furthermore, modified compounds tend to exhibit higher selectivity and more specific mechanisms of action toward biological targets. Therefore, the SAR approach is proven to be effective as a foundation for the rational design of more optimal anticancer compounds. The implications of this study suggest that integrating SAR with biological evaluation and formulation development may lead to more effective and safer anticancer drug candidates.

Students' Knowledge Regarding Basic Immunization For Infants

Angel Graceta Sitepu — 2026-05-07

This study examines students' knowledge of basic immunization for infants, a crucial issue given the high infant and toddler mortality rate due to vaccine-preventable diseases. The research method used was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size of this study was 42 students who met the inclusion criteria, with the majority of respondents being female (90.5%), 19 years old (59.5%), and in their fourth semester (85.7%). The results showed that the majority of respondents (95.2%) had received information about basic immunization for infants, with the main sources of information coming from college/academics (26.2%) and family/friends (23.8%). The level of knowledge of respondents regarding basic immunization for infants was mostly in the good category (71.4%), although a small number had insufficient knowledge (28.6%). This good level of knowledge is important for increasing awareness and coverage of immunization. Therefore, it is important to continue educating students so that they can contribute to efforts to improve public health, especially regarding infant immunization

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Biomarker-Based And Risk-Based Screening In Early Detection Of Preeclampsia: Systematic Review

Aurellia Saraswati Winahyu Naiaputri — 2026-05-07

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of first-trimester screening is essential to ensure accurate and efficient interventions. The objective of this review is to examine and compare the cost-effectiveness between biomarker-based preeclampsia screening and maternal risk-based screening in the first trimester of pregnancy. This study used a systematic review method based on the PRISMA guidelines. Articles searched through PubMed and ScienceDirect with a range of 2020–2025. Quality assessment using the CHEERS Checklist. Five studies were included in this review. All studies show that first-trimester preeclampsia screening is a cost-effective, even cost-saving strategy, especially when combined with early aspirin. Biomarker-based screening and risk algorithms are more cost-efficient than conventional screening. These results can be the basis for the formulation of maternal health policies in Indonesia. Preeclampsia, first trimester screening, cost-effectiveness, biomarkers.

Analysis Readiness And Strategy Of Human Resource Management In Hospitals In Face Global Health Crisis : A Literature Review Covid-19 Pandemic

Davina Aisha — 2026-05-12

Appropriate with objective House created pain For increase quality life someone , house Sick naturally must own readiness in face various type challenge health , one of them is crisis global health . The COVID-19 pandemic that occurred a number of year Then is one of the example crisis global health that has a huge impact for system health throughout the world, especially in management Human Resources ( HR ) at home sick . Review matter said , the study literature This done For analyze HR management readiness and strategy at home Sick in face crisis global health , especially during the COVID-19 pandemic . This article arranged with method literature review sourced from from a number of study previous research the Then will reviewed and carried out identification related approach strategic , challenges in strategy implementation , as well as a number of learning that can be taken from various context geographical . Literature results show that part big House Sick experience gap between needs and availability power health , as well as pressure sufficient psychological high . In addition factor other like limitations training as well as facilities and infrastructure also become A obstacle . This study emphasize importance policy health human resource management that is adaptive , sustainable and responsive to crisis global health . This done so that the house Sick can maintain essential services as well as can guard welfare power health in the future come .

Health Promotion Strategy On Increasing Public Knowledge Regarding Early Detection Of Tuberculosis At The Fransisco Borja Da Costa Fatuberliu State High School, Manufahi Regency

Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni — 2026-05-12

This study was conducted in the context of Fatuberliu District, Manufahi Regency, Timor Leste, as a rural area with limited health access, high unemployment rates, and a significant incidence of tuberculosis, necessitating effective health promotion strategies to improve early detection of TB among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of health education based on the Extension Program Unit on increasing public knowledge regarding early detection of tuberculosis at the Francisco Borja da Costa Filial Public High School. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design on 25 adolescent participants aged 17–25 years, with a knowledge questionnaire instrument that was tested for content validity and reliability, then analyzed using paired samples t-test and descriptive analysis. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 45.40 in the pretest stage to 78.60 in the posttest, with a decrease in the proportion of respondents with less knowledge from 92.0% to 12.0% and an increase in the good category from 8.0% to 88.0%. This study concludes that structured and interactive health education in the school environment significantly improves adolescents' knowledge about early detection of tuberculosis, making it worthy of being adopted as a community health intervention model in remote areas with limited access to health facilities.

Determinant Factors Of Hypertension Incidence In The Productive Age Group (15–64 Years) In The Working Area Of WEE Karou Community Health Center, West Sumba Regency

Febyola Giovanni Lumenta Febyola — 2026-05-16

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease characterized by systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, which often occurs without symptoms but can lead to serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Productive-age populations are increasingly at risk due to lifestyle-related factors. This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors of hypertension among productive-age individuals (15–64 years) in the working area of Wee Karou Community Health Center, Sumba Barat Regency. This study employed a quantitative analytic observational design using a case-control approach. The study was conducted in January–February 2026. The sample consisted of 170 respondents, including 85 cases (hypertensive individuals) and 85 controls (non-hypertensive individuals), selected using simple random sampling with matching based on age and gender. Data were collected using questionnaires and medical record documentation. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR) at a 95% confidence level. Results: The results showed that obesity was significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.044; OR = 1.97), smoking habits were significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.044; OR = 1.97), poor sleep quality showed a significant association (p = 0.001; OR = 2.91), and betel quid consumption was also significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.037; OR = 2.23). Among all variables, poor sleep quality showed the strongest association with hypertension incidence. Conclusion: Obesity, smoking habits, poor sleep quality, and betel quid consumption are determinant factors of hypertension among productive-age individuals in the Wee Karou Health Center area.

Formulation And Evaluation Of Instant Drink Powder Preparation With A Combination Of Vitamin C And Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate

Faneshia Nabil Ayushita — 2026-05-16

Vitamin C and Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate is a combination of active substances that play a role in improving the immune system and maintaining body health. This research aims to create a powder formulation of a combination of vitamin C and zinc sulfate that is safe for consumption. Vitamin C is a very sensitive substance and can be degraded into dehydroascorbic acid due to photooxidation and hydrolysis reactions. Vitamin C is easily degraded in aqueous media, at high pH, high temperatures, in the presence of oxygen and metal ions. Formulation in solid form such as powder is often chosen to increase the chemical stability and shelf life of vitamin C. Formulation of vitamin C and zinc in powder form also provides convenience for consumers who have difficulty swallowing in pill, tablet, or capsule form. The evaluation results showed that the preparation had good characteristics in most parameters, including white color, smooth texture, odorless, slightly sweet and sour taste, particle size of 0.7795 mm, flow time of 10 seconds, water content of 2.73%, angle of repose of 31.52°, dissolution time of 1 minute 29 seconds, bulk density of 0.64, tap density of 0.72, Hausner ratio of 1.12, and compressibility index of 11.11%. However, the preparation did not meet the requirements for particle size distribution due to the excessive number of fines and a pH value of 3.57 which was below the specified range (4–7). Therefore, the resulting formulation still requires further optimization to improve compliance with the preparation quality standards.

Spatial Distribution Of Diarrhea Cases In East Nusa Tenggara 2021-2023

Nabila Wildan Naufa — 2026-05-16

Diarrhea is a public health problem that remains a burden in Indonesia, including in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province, with fluctuating incidence patterns every year. A spatial approach is needed to understand the distribution of cases and variations between regions. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of diarrhea cases and describe regional patterns based on population density and the percentage of open defecation (BABS) in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2021–2023. This study is an ecological study with a cross-sectional approach using secondary data from the NTT Provincial Health Profile in 2021–2023. The unit of analysis is 22 districts/cities. The dependent variable is the number of diarrhea cases, while the independent variables include population density and the percentage of open defecation. Spatial distribution was carried out using QGIS version 3.28 through visualization of centroid maps and bivariate maps. The number of diarrhea cases in NTT during the 2021–2023 period showed a fluctuating pattern, with an increase in 2022 and a slight decrease in 2023. The distribution of cases was uneven across regions, with several districts such as East Sumba and South Central Timor showing high numbers of cases. Bivariate mapping results showed no consistent pattern between population density, the percentage of open defecation, and the number of diarrhea cases. The distribution of diarrhea cases in NTT showed a pattern that varied across regions and was not always in line with population density or the percentage of open defecation. This indicates that the incidence of diarrhea is multifactorial and influenced by various other factors at the regional level.

Complete Denture Management In A Full Edentulous Patient With Mandibular Exostosis : Case Report

Sabrina Belqis Putri Salami — 2026-05-25

Full edentulism significantly impairs masticatory, phonetic, and esthetic functions, necessitating rehabilitation through Complete Dentures (CD). However, the functional success of a CD is often hindered by anatomical conditions such as exostosis, which can cause pressure pain and compromise the retention and stabilization of the prosthesis. This case report aims to describe the role of preprosthetic surgery, specifically alveoloplasty, in preparing an ideal supporting base for a CD. A 45-year-old female patient presented with total edentulism in both jaws for 3 years, with primary complaints of difficulty in chewing and speaking. Intraoral examination revealed a bony prominence (exostosis) in region 4, which could act as a pathological undercut. Management was performed through an alveoloplasty procedure using the envelope flap technique to reconstruct the alveolar contour to be smooth and atraumatic. Following tissue healing, a CD made of acrylic resin was fabricated to restore speech function and prevent further atrophy of the alveolar process. Preprosthetic surgical intervention proved to be crucial in achieving stability and functional comfort in the use of complete dentures.

Implementation Of Health Service Cost Accounting In Community Health Centers

Alya Rachmawati — 2026-05-12

Community Health Centers are first-level health service facilities that have a strategic role in providing healthcare services to the community. In the implementation of the National Health Insurance (JKN) program and the Financial Management Pattern of Regional Public Service Agencies (PPK-BLUD), Community Health Centers are required to implement efficient, transparent, and accountable financial management. One of the efforts that can be undertaken is the implementation of healthcare cost accounting to determine unit costs and to serve as a basis for determining rational service tariffs. This study aims to analyze the implementation of healthcare cost accounting in Community Health Centers based on the results of previous studies. The method used in this research is a systematic review with a PRISMA approach through the stages of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of articles. Out of 150 identified articles, 7 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this study. The results show that the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method is the most commonly used method and is considered more accurate than conventional methods in calculating the unit cost of healthcare services. The implementation of the ABC method is able to provide more detailed cost information, assist in evaluating service tariffs, and support cost control as well as the sustainability of healthcare services at Community Health Centers.

Photobiomodulation Therapy In Enhancing Soft Tissue Healing For Aesthetic Procedures: A Systematic Review

Asiyah Syaharuddin — 2026-05-12

Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising non‑invasive adjunct to accelerate soft tissue healing and improve aesthetic outcomes in cosmetic dental procedures. However, clinical evidence remains heterogeneous, with inconsistent laser parameters and limited comparative data on aesthetic endpoints. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of PBMT in enhancing soft tissue healing and aesthetic outcomes relative to conventional methods in aesthetic dentistry. It employed a systematic review design following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, using a PICOS framework to search SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and PubMed for English‑language articles (2020–2025) involving human or animal studies on PBMT and oral soft tissue aesthetics. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using narrative synthesis without meta‑analysis due to high heterogeneity. Inclusion criteria specified open‑access full‑text articles on gingival contouring, implant surgery, soft tissue grafting, and related procedures, with outcome data on epithelialization, angiogenesis, pain, patient satisfaction, color, and texture. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. The results show that PBMT consistently improves epithelialization, reduces postoperative pain, enhances tissue color and texture, and increases patient satisfaction, while minimizing hypertrophic scar risk. In conclusion, PBMT accelerates soft tissue healing and aesthetic recovery, though parameter standardization is needed.

The Effect Of Occupational Safety And Health (Osh) Promotion On Safe Behavior Among Cleaning Service Workers At The Faculty Of Medicine And Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi

Mutia Fadilla Asyifa — 2026-05-07

Workplace accidents remain a serious issue in Indonesia, with unsafe behavior being the primary contributing factor. Unsafe behavior has been identified as the primary cause of occupational accidents, contributing to approximately 88% of incidents. Preventive efforts can be carried out through Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) promotion, including communication, training, supervision, and safety signage. This study aims to analyze the relationship between OSH promotion and safe behavior among cleaning service workers at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of all cleaning service workers totaling 20 respondents, and total sampling was applied. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed significant relationships between OSH communication (p = 0.024), OSH training (p = 0.014), and OSH supervision (p = 0.010) with safe behavior. The safety signage variable could not be further analyzed due to constant data. In conclusion, OSH promotion is associated with safe behavior, particularly in communication, training, and supervision aspects. The study concludes that OHS promotion significantly influences safe behavior, which in turn affects employee performance. Strengthening communication, training, and supervision is recommended to reduce workplace accidents

The Factors Related To Community Participation In Household Waste Management

Silfa Amalia — 2026-05-07

Community participation in household waste management is a crucial component in maintaining environmental quality and supporting sustainable waste management. This study aims to analyze the level of community participation and examine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, education, availability of facilities, and the role of community leaders based on Lawrence Green’s theory in Kenali Besar Subdistrict, Jambi City. This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 96 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that most respondents had a high level of participation. Significant relationships were found between knowledge (p=0.001), attitudes (p=0.001), education (p=0.001), and availability of facilities (p=0.001) with community participation. However, the role of community leaders was not significantly associated (p=0.406). In conclusion, community participation is influenced by knowledge, attitudes, education, and the availability of facilities. Therefore, efforts to improve participation should focus on continuous education, provision of adequate facilities, and active community involvement.

Factors Related To Stunting Prevention Practices At The Mersam Public Health Center, 2025

Hoirunnisa Sabilah — 2026-05-12

Stunting remains an important public health problem because it affects children's growth and development. Mothers' behavior in preventing stunting is one of the key efforts to reduce the incidence of stunting among children under five. Several factors such as knowledge, attitudes, and family support are thought to be associated with stunting prevention behavior. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with stunting prevention behavior among mothers with children under five in the working area of Mersam Public Health Center, Batanghari Regency. The results showed that most respondents had good stunting prevention behavior (58.9%). The majority of respondents had good knowledge (62.2%), poor attitudes (75.6%), and good family support (64.4%). Bivariate analysis showed that knowledge was significantly associated with stunting prevention behavior (PR=1.73; 95% CI=1.07–2.82; p=0.045), and attitude was also significantly associated with stunting prevention behavior (PR=2.66; 95% CI=1.04–6.69; p=0.023). Meanwhile, family support was not significantly associated with stunting prevention behavior (PR=0.87; 95% CI=0.50–1.48; p=0.769).

Knowledge, Attitude and Dengue Preventive Behavior in Legok, Jambi City

Najmi Qalami Hadist — 2026-05-12

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a public health problem that requires household involvement in vector control. Legok Village in Jambi City has environmental characteristics and population density that have the potential to support dengue transmission. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards dengue prevention behavior in the community of Legok Village, Jambi City. Quantitative analytical research with a cross-sectional design was conducted in September 2025 on 235 respondents aged ≥17 years. Sampling was carried out in stages through random selection of RT clusters, then systematic random sampling at the household level. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed univariate and bivariate with chi-square and Fisher exact tests. The results showed that 92.8% of respondents had poor dengue prevention behavior, 60.9% had poor knowledge, and 90.6% had a positive attitude. There was no meaningful relationship between knowledge and dengue prevention behavior (p=0.142) or between attitudes and dengue prevention behaviors (p=0.380). Relatively good knowledge and attitudes have not automatically encouraged specific, routine, and household-based prevention behavior. Interventions need to be directed at assisting household practices, community mobilization, and strengthening the supportive environment for dengue prevention.

Surgical Management Of Radicular Cyst : A Case Report With Histopathological Confirmation

Erli Anatta — 2026-05-15

Radicular cysts are the most common inflammatory odontogenic cysts found in the jaws, accounting for approximately 52–68% of all jaw cysts. These lesions originate from the proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez in the periodontal ligament, triggered by chronic periapical inflammation due to pulp necrosis. Due to their slow-growing nature and often asymptomatic presentation, these cysts frequently reach a significant size before being clinically detected. This case report describes a 48-year-old male patient who presented to Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital, Surakarta, with a chief complaint of a retained root in the lower left posterior region for approximately three years. The patient reported a prior history of pain that had been self-managed. Clinical examination revealed a retained root in tooth 35 (FDI notation), with positive palpation and negative percussion findings. Periapical radiography showed a well-defined unilocular radiolucency with a sclerotic cortical border, measuring approximately 4 × 3 mm in the periapical region. Surgical management was performed under inferior alveolar nerve block and infiltration anesthesia. A triangular mucoperiosteal flap was elevated, followed by alveolar bone reduction, radiks extraction, cyst enucleation, thorough curettage, and placement of a hemostatic sponge. Primary wound closure was achieved using 4-0 silk sutures. In conclusion, histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a radicular cyst, characterized by stratified squamous epithelial lining and chronic suppurative inflammation within the fibrous capsule. A two-week postoperative follow-up showed good mucosal healing without complications. This case highlights the importance of integrating clinical, radiographic, and histopathological evaluations for accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical management of radicular cysts associated with retained roots

Description Of Hemodynamic Status Of Conscious Extubation Of Patients With Tonsillectomy Procedures Using General Anesthesia

Cili Rohyaji — 2026-05-16

Post-tonsillectomy awake extubation under general anesthesia has the potential to trigger hemodynamic fluctuations due to sympathetic stimulation, but prospective data in the Indonesian context is still limited. This study aims to describe the hemodynamic status in the post awake extubation period in tonsillectomy patients. Using a descriptive quantitative design, the population included 29 patients aged 12–35 years at Wijayakusuma Hospital III Purwokerto (December 2025–January 2026) with total sampling. Primary data were measured via bedside monitors and observation sheets, and univariate analysis was performed using SPSS. The results showed that the majority of respondents were 17–25 years old (51.7%) and female (65.5%). In the post-awake extubation period, hemodynamic findings demonstrated pre-hypertensive systolic and diastolic blood pressure (44.8% and 55.2%, ), while mean arterial pressure (79.3%), pulse rate (62.1%), respiratory rate (75.9%), and oxygen saturation (100%) remained within normal limits.

Use of 20% Mannitol in Patients with Hemorrhagic Stroke

Ayatullah Malik — 2026-05-21

This case report describes the clinical course, management, and outcome of a 70-year-old male patient diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke with intracerebral hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia, accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral edema. The patient presented with left-sided weakness, slurred speech, facial asymmetry, and decreased level of consciousness. Comprehensive management included intravenous fluids, osmotic diuretics (mannitol), antifibrinolytics (tranexamic acid), vitamin K, neuroprotective agents (citicoline), antibiotics, and supportive therapies. Despite decompressive craniectomy and intensive care, the patient’s neurological status progressively deteriorated from compos mentis to coma. Monitoring showed unstable vital signs, impaired coagulation parameters, and fluctuating blood glucose levels. No significant drug-related problems or adverse reactions were identified during treatment. However, the severity of brain injury, increased intracranial pressure, and associated complications led to poor clinical outcomes. The patient was declared deceased on January 25, 2026. This case highlights the importance of early intervention, continuous monitoring, and comprehensive management in hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Clinical Characteristics And Inflammatory Biomarkers Of Hospitalized Children With Hand, Foot, And Mouth Disease: A Case Series

Anggita Dian Karera — 2026-05-12

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute viral infection that commonly affects young children. Although the disease is usually self-limiting, some patients require hospitalization due to decreased oral intake and dehydration. Data on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized HFMD patients remain limited. This retrospective case series analyzed medical records of pediatric HFMD patients hospitalized at RSU An Ni'mah Wangon Banyumas from January 2024 to November 2025. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, length of stay, and laboratory findings were collected. Inflammatory biomarkers including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated. Data were analyzed descriptively. A total of 11 patients were included with a median age of 33 months (range 16–121 months). Most patients were younger than 36 months (63.6%), and 72.7% were female. The median length of hospital stay was 4 days (range 2–8 days). All patients presented with fever and oral lesions, while hand and foot lesions were observed in 81.8% and 90.9% of cases. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in several patients. Laboratory findings were generally within normal ranges, with a median NLR of 2.76 and PLR of 160. One patient had dengue coinfection. Hospitalized HFMD patients commonly present with typical clinical features and favorable outcomes with supportive treatment. Inflammatory biomarkers such as NLR and PLR may reflect the inflammatory response in HFMD.

Lung Immune Prognostic Index (Lipi) As Prognostic Markers For Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc) Treated With Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

Delta Iswara — 2026-05-07

The Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI), based on the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, has been recognized as an important prognostic biomarker in lung cancer. However, its prognostic value in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been extensively discussed. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association between LIPI and survival outcomes in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC receiving immunotherapy. Systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, SSRN, Epistemonikos, and Google Scholar databases up to January 10, 2025. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were extracted for qualitative and quantitative synthesis, including pooled analyses and subgroup analyses. Random-effects models were applied to pool hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between LIPI and progression-free survival (PFS) and/or overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with immunotherapy. A total of 7,551 patients from 13 studies were included in the analysis. Pooled analysis demonstrated that patients with poor or intermediate LIPI scores, compared with those with good LIPI scores, had significantly shorter PFS (HR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.83–2.63, P < 0.001; HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.31–1.65, P < 0.001) and worse OS (HR = 3.31, 95% CI: 2.70–4.06, P < 0.001; HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.58–2.23, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses based on immunotherapy type (monotherapy versus combination therapy) yielded consistent results. This study demonstrates that poor and intermediate LIPI scores are significantly associated with worse prognosis in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC receiving immunotherapy. Therefore, LIPI may serve as a promising non-invasive prognostic biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in this patient population. Keywords: lung immune prognostic index, LIPI, non–small cell lung cancer, immunotherapy.

The Use Of Telemedicine In The Digital Transformation Of Healthcare Services: A Literature Review

Abdul Haris Pontoh — 2026-05-07

Digital transformation in healthcare services has encouraged the use of technology to improve access, quality, and efficiency of healthcare delivery. One of the key innovations in this transformation is telemedicine, which enables healthcare services to be delivered remotely. This study aims to examine the utilization of telemedicine in the digital transformation of healthcare services through a systematic review approach. The method used was a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar within the publication years 2020–2025. The article selection process followed identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion stages. A total of 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed narratively. The results indicate that telemedicine improves access to healthcare services, supports health data integration, enhances patient engagement, and promotes more proactive and preventive care. Additionally, telemedicine contributes to improving the efficiency of healthcare systems. However, its implementation still faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, digital literacy, and issues related to data security and system integration. Therefore, telemedicine is an important strategy in the digital transformation of healthcare services that requires support from policies and technological system strengthening.

The Relationship Between A History Of Anemia During Pregnancy And The Incidence Of Stunting In Sumbermulyo Village, Jogoroto, Jombang

Nur Panca Aprillia — 2026-05-12

Stunting is a persistent dietary problem that affects physical growth and cognitive development in children. One significant risk factor is anemia during pregnancy. In Sumbermulyo Village, a high prevalence of stunting was recorded, with many mothers having a history of anemia in pregnancy. This research seeks to examine the correlation between pregnancy history anemia (second trimester) and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Sumbermulyo Village, Jogoroto, Jombang. This quantitative study uses a correlational design with a retrospective approach. The study population consists of 30 mothers with stunted toddlers, selected using a total sampling method. Secondary data were obtained from maternal hemoglobin (Hb) history records and toddler height measurements. Data analysis was conducted with the Spearman Rank statistical test. The findings of this research indicate that a majority of mothers (63.3%) had anemia during the second trimester. The correlation test findings indicate a significant value of p = 0.011 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of -0.459. This signifies a substantial association of moderate intensity and negative correlation between a history of anemia during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting. It may be argued that decreased maternal hemoglobin levels during pregnancy correlate with an elevated risk of childhood stunting. Interventions to prevent anemia in pregnant women are essential as a main approach to reduce stunting rates.

Analysis Of Healthcare Workers Satisfaction With Electronic Medical Records At Jimbaran I Primary Health Care

Dewa Ayu Cantika Pradyna Dewi — 2026-05-24

The development of digital technology in the health sector encourages health facilities to implement Electronic Medical Records (EMR). The success of EMR implementation depends on the satisfaction of health workers as system users. Based on preliminary observations at Jimbaran I Sub-district Health Center, several obstacles were found, including limited human resources, system disruptions, and lack of IT personnel. These conditions may affect user satisfaction and service effectiveness. This study aims to determine the level of health worker satisfaction with the use of Electronic Medical Records based on the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) method. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study were eight health workers consisting of doctors, nurses, registration officers, and midwives. The results showed that health workers were generally satisfied with the use of Electronic Medical Records in terms of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness. However, there are still obstacles related to system adaptation and data input accuracy during busy service hours.

The Relationship between Knowledge and Attitudes towards Smoking Behavior among Students of the Public Health Science Study Program, University of Jambi

Fharin Asroyan — 2026-05-21

Smoking remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, including among university students. Although public health students are knowledgeable about the dangers of smoking, smoking persists. Knowledge and attitudes are important factors that can influence smoking behavior. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes and smoking behavior among students in the Public Health Science Study Program at the University of Jambi. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample size was 100 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge and negative attitudes toward smoking. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and smoking behavior (p < 0.05) and a significant relationship between attitudes and smoking behavior (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that knowledge and attitudes are significantly related to student smoking behavior. Therefore, interventions in the form of more effective health education and promotion are needed to reduce smoking behavior among university students.

Strengthening Early Detection of Pregnancy Risk Based on Pudji Rochyati's Scorecard in Lidor Village, Rote Ndao Regency

Yenny Puspitasari — 2026-05-15

The high maternal mortality rate (MMR) in remote areas of East Nusa Tenggara has prompted the need for early detection of pregnancy risks using the Poedji Rochjati Score Card (KSPR). This study aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of community health workers and pregnant women in Lidor Village, Rote Ndao Regency. Using a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design through a participatory Extension Service Unit (SAP), the population consisted of 50 community health workers and pregnant women with a purposive sample of 30 participants. Instruments included a 20-item Likert questionnaire, KSPR observation sheets, and simulation evaluations; data analysis used descriptive statistics, manual Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and thematic analysis. The results showed active participation of 16 community health workers and pregnant women with high enthusiasm in the demonstration of filling out the KSPR and the discussion of risk factors. The conclusion is that the SAP intervention is effective in strengthening community screening and referral preparedness in remote areas, although long-term follow-up is needed.

Factors Associated With Anemia Incidence Among Pregnant Women At Kapau Public Health Center, Agam Regency

Andi Yusman — 2026-05-16

This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in the working area of Kapau Public Health Center, Agam Regency, Indonesia, in 2022. The study employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 126 third-trimester pregnant women were selected using simple random sampling from the population of pregnant women attending antenatal care services. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, educational level, family income, and adherence to iron (Fe) tablet consumption, while anemia status was determined based on hemoglobin levels recorded in maternal health books. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The findings revealed significant associations between maternal knowledge and anemia incidence (p < 0.05), as well as between adherence to Fe tablet consumption and anemia incidence (p < 0.05). In contrast, educational level and family income were not significantly associated with anemia among pregnant women (p > 0.05). These results indicate that behavioral factors, particularly knowledge and compliance with iron supplementation, play a more important role in preventing anemia than sociodemographic factors. In conclusion, improving maternal knowledge and strengthening adherence to iron tablet consumption are essential strategies to reduce anemia among pregnant women. Health promotion and continuous monitoring by healthcare providers are recommended to improve maternal health outcomes.

Risk Factors And Postoperative Complications In Laparotomy Under General Anesthesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Adelia Trisna Septiani — 2026-05-24

Laparotomy is an abdominal surgery procedure that is still widely performed both in elective and emergency conditions. This procedure is often performed under general anesthesia and has a fairly high risk of postoperative complications, such as pulmonary complications, acute kidney injury (AKI), surgical wound infections, ileus, sepsis, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The risk of complications may increase due to patient factors, intraoperative factors, and anesthesia factors. This study aims to identify and synthesize risk factors that contribute to postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparotomy surgery under general anesthesia. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA approach and the PICO framework. Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases with a publication range of 2015-2025. The included studies were quantitative studies with a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design and a cohort study that discussed risk factors and postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparotomy surgery or open abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Article quality assessment was carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument. A total of 4,068 articles were identified in the early stages. After the duplicates were removed, 1,409 articles were obtained for filtering. A total of 238 articles passed the initial screening based on titles and abstracts, then 203 articles were removed because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. A total of 35 articles underwent full-text review, 26 articles were removed because they did not meet the criteria, so that 9 articles were eligible for analysis. The results of the synthesis showed that postoperative complications in laparotomy patients with general anesthesia were multifactorial. Patient factors include advanced age, comorbidities, high ASA status, and poor functional status. Intraoperative factors include hypotension, blood loss, organ perfusion disorders, duration of surgery, and fluid management. Anesthesia factors are primarily related to anesthesia techniques, the use of inhaling agents or TIVAs, and the prevention of PONV. The most commonly reported complications include PPCs, AKI, SSI, sepsis, ileus, and PONV. Postoperative complications in laparotomy surgery with general anesthesia are not caused by a single factor, but rather by an interaction between patient, intraoperative, and anesthesia factors. Preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring, fluid management based on patient needs, and selection of appropriate anesthesia techniques are necessary to lower the risk of complications and improve patient safety.

The Role Of Cost Accounting In Supporting National Health Financing Policy

Sara Aprilia Siregar siregar — 2026-05-12

Health financing plays a crucial role in ensuring the sustainability of the national health system, particularly in the implementation of the National Health Insurance (JKN). The implementation of a prospective payment system based on Indonesian Case-Based Groups (INA-CBGs) requires accurate cost information to ensure efficient and equitable health financing policies. Cost accounting is a crucial tool in providing information on

health care costs. This study aims to examine the role of cost accounting in supporting national health financing policies through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The study analyzed 16 national and international scientific articles using thematic synthesis. The study results indicate that cost accounting supports the determination of healthcare service tariffs, increased financing efficiency, cost control, and the implementation of the National Health Insurance (JKN) policy and the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. However, its implementation still faces challenges related to information systems and human resource capacity. Therefore, strengthening cost accounting is necessary as part of national healthcare financing reform.

Analysis Of Students’ Knowledge Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (Dhf) Prevention At The Faculty Of Medicine And Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi

Shandy Tri Winata — 2026-05-07

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains an important public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in tropical regions where Aedes mosquitoes can breed easily. Knowledge is one of the key factors that supports preventive behavior, especially among university students who are expected to become future health promoters. This study aimed to analyze the level of knowledge of Public Health students regarding DHF prevention at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi.This quantitative study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted from February to March 2026. The sample consisted of 98 students selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 20 true-false items. All questionnaire items were valid (r count > 0.361), and the instrument showed good reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.823). Data were processed through editing, coding, scoring, entry, and cleaning, then analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions and percentages.The results showed that 92 students (93.9%) had good knowledge and 6 students (6.1%) had poor knowledge. The highest indicator scores were found in knowledge of DHF symptoms and the role of individuals and the environment in prevention (99.0%), while the lowest indicator score was found in preventive efforts (93.4%). At the item level, the lowest correct response was found in the statement that fogging is the only method of preventing DHF, with 69.4% correct responses.In conclusion, most students had good knowledge of DHF prevention. However, strengthening specific understanding of integrated prevention strategies, particularly the limited role of fogging, is still needed.

The Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality Distraction On Reducing Pain Levels And Fear In Children During Injection Procedures At Rsij Cempaka Putih

Callista Afzena — 2026-05-07

Injection procedures are a primary source of pain and fear in children that can lead to psychological trauma and hinder compliance with future medical care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality distraction techniques in reducing pain and fear levels in children during injection procedures at Jakarta Islamic Hospital Cempaka Putih. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach involving 36 child respondents aged 3-12 years undergoing repeated injection procedures. Pain measurement used the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and fear used the Children's Fear Scale, with data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results showed significant reductions in pain and fear levels after virtual reality intervention, with significance values of 0.000 for all variables. Children's assessment showed no pain increased from 16.7% to 52.8%, while no fear increased from 2.8% to 72.2%. Researcher assessments also showed consistent reduction patterns. This study concludes that virtual reality is effective as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pain and fear in children during injection procedures, thus can be integrated into pediatric pain management protocols in healthcare facilities.

An Overview Of Urea And Creatinine Levels In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease And A History Of Hypertension Following Hemodialysis Therapy

Maichel Dwi Saputra Saputra — 2026-05-12

Hypertension is both a cause and a consequence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and can contribute to the progression of kidney damage. Along with the decline in GFR, the incidence and severity of hypertension increase. When the kidneys are unable to perform the dialysis process, a treatment called hemodialysis (HD) is required to remove waste fluid accumulated in the toxic blood. A machine equipped with a semi-permeable filter (artificial kidney) is used to perform this therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of urea and creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who had a history of hypertension, before and after undergoing hemodialysis at Level III Hospital 04.06.01 Wijaya Kusuma Purwokerto. Data analysis was performed using SPSS with a paired sample test. The urea levels before undergoing hemodialysis therapy ranged from a minimum of 70 mg/dL to a maximum of 288 mg/dL. After hemodialysis therapy, the urea levels ranged from a minimum of 53 mg/dL to a maximum of 277 mg/dL. Creatinine levels before undergoing hemodialysis therapy ranged from a minimum of 4.33 mg/dL to a maximum of 25.71 mg/dL. After hemodialysis, creatinine levels ranged from a minimum of 2.32 mg/dL to a maximum of 23.76 mg/dL. The statistical test results showed that the differences in urea and creatinine levels before and after hemodialysis were significant, with a p-value = 0.001.

The Relationship Between The Implementation Of Standard Inpatient Care (Kris) And Service Quality On Patient Satisfaction At Raa Soewondo Pati Regional General Hospital

Ingrid Novi Aryani Ingrid Novi Aryani — 2026-05-12

Improving equitable inpatient service quality remains a critical challenge in Indonesia following the implementation of the Standard Inpatient Care Class policy. This study examined the relationship between policy implementation, service quality dimensions, and patient satisfaction at RAA Soewondo Pati Regional Hospital. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed involving 150 inpatients selected through simple random sampling from a population of 235 standard-class patients. Data were collected using a structured SERVQUAL questionnaire covering reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangibles, and overall satisfaction. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and Spearman rank correlation were applied. Results showed that most respondents rated service quality positively: reliability (90.0%), responsiveness (91.3%), assurance (80.7%), empathy (85.3%), and tangibles (79.3%). Overall, 87.3% of patients reported satisfaction. Chi-square analysis indicated that only age was significantly associated with satisfaction (p < 0.001). Spearman analysis confirmed a positive correlation between age and satisfaction (rs = 0.233; p = 0.004) and between tangibles and satisfaction (rs = 0.201; p = 0.014). Reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and gender were not significantly related to satisfaction (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that the policy has effectively improved structural and physical aspects of care, while interpersonal service dimensions remain relatively uniform. Hospitals should prioritize facility enhancement alongside communication and empathy training to further improve patient satisfaction.

The Relationship Between Emergency Medical Record Completeness And The Timeliness Of BPJS Claims At Wangaya Regional General Hospital, Denpasar

I Wayan Nanda Artautama Walangitan — 2026-05-15

Hospital is a healthcare institution that provides comprehensive health services, including emergency services. The completeness of medical records is one of the indicators of healthcare service quality and plays an important role in administrative processes, including the submission of BPJS claims. This study aims to determine the relationship between the completeness of emergency medical records and the timeliness of BPJS claims at Wangaya Regional General Hospital, Denpasar City. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design involving a sample of 140 emergency patient medical record files Using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through document observation using a medical record completeness checklist and BPJS claim data, then analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that the completeness rate of medical records reached 96% complete files and 4% incomplete, while the timeliness of BPJS claims showed that 82.9% of claims were submitted on time and 17.1% were not submitted on time. The statistical test results indicated a significant relationship between the completeness of medical records and the timeliness of BPJS claims (0.000 < 0.05) with a relationship strength of 0.926, which is categorized as a very strong relationship. It can be concluded that the more complete the medical records filled out by healthcare workers, the greater the possibility that BPJS claims can be submitted on time. Therefore, increased discipline and supervision in completing medical records are needed to support the smooth administrative process of claims in hospitals.

The Role Of Admission Officers In Providing General Consent Explanations To Inpatients At RSAD TK. II Udayana

Ni Kadek Suwiyani Kadek — 2026-05-21

Healthcare services in hospitals are required to uphold patient rights, one of which is through the provision of general consent. At RSAD TK. II Udayana, there were indications that the general consent explanation process was not optimal, as officers often requested signatures without providing adequate information regarding the contents and purpose of the consent. This study aims to find out the perceptions of medical records officers regarding their expectations of providing general consent explanations to inpatients at RSAD TK. II Udayana, analysed from the aspects of input, process, and output. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach, where data were collected through in-depth interviews with staff and the head of the admission unit. The results showed that in the input aspect, most officers understood the function of general consent as legal protection. In the process aspect, officers provided explanations by adapting to the patient's communication needs following the registration flow. In the output aspect, officers played a role in ensuring administrative completeness via Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and handling consent refusals when necessary. In conclusion, the role of medical record officers at RSAD TK. II Udayana is generally well-implemented, but continuous supervision and training are required to ensure that patient information rights are consistently fulfilled to improve service quality.

Exploring The Potential Of Herbal Plants As Natural Sunscreen Agents: Literature Review

Nadam Adi Reksa — 2026-05-25

Indonesia, as a tropical country, experiences high ultraviolet (UV) exposure, increasing the risk of skin damage and highlighting the importance of sunscreen use; However, chemical sunscreens may cause adverse effects, making natural ingredients promising alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the potential of herbal plants as natural sunscreens based on Sun Protection Factor (S PF) values using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of SINTA-indexed journals published between 2021 and 2026, including experimental studies reporting in vitro and/or in vivo SPF values. The results indicate that herbal plants contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and terpenoids that contribute to photoprotective activity, with SPF values ranging from minimal to ultra protection depending on plant type, extract concentration, and formulation; higher concentrations generally increase SPF, and advanced systems such as nanoemulsions improve effectiveness, although certain interactions may reduce SPF. In conclusion, herbal plants show strong potential as natural sunscreen agents; however, further formulation optimization and comprehensive safety and efficacy studies are required.

Optimization Of 50 WP Solar Panel Power Using Heatsink Cooling And MATLAB Simulation

M. Angga Jaelani Wijaya — 2026-05-12

This research looks at the performance of a 50 WP solar panel under tropical conditions, where high temperatures often reduce its efficiency. To address this, several aluminum heatsink configurations were tested, including a 0.5 mm heatsink with a DC fan and a 6 mm zigzag design. The experiment was conducted on the rooftop of Universitas Pamulang over a period of about three months, with measurements taken between 09:00 and 15:00 WIB.The results show that the 0.5 mm heatsink can lower the panel temperature by around 10–15°C, with peak temperatures reaching approximately 42°C. Under this condition, the panel also produced the highest recorded power of 91.20 W. In comparison, the 6 mm heatsink maintained a more stable temperature range of 27–39°C, although the resulting power output was slightly lower at 82.08 W. MATLAB simulations indicate a similar pattern, suggesting improved heat dissipation and more stable thermal behavior after optimization. Overall, the use of heatsinks helps improve solar panel performance. Among the tested configurations, the 0.5 mm heatsink offers a better balance between temperature reduction and power output under the observed conditions.

Network Forensic Approach in Data Breach Crime Investigation

Kurnia Rahmasari — 2026-05-07

This study aims to analyze the application of a network forensics approach in data breach crime investigations and examine its technical and legal implications. The method used is a qualitative approach through case studies, network log analysis, and a literature review. The research object focuses on the 2021 Microsoft Exchange Server attack case to reconstruct the attack chronology based on network artifacts. The results show that network forensics is effective in systematically identifying attack stages, from initial activity to data exfiltration, and is able to uncover communication patterns and attack methods used by perpetrators. However, challenges arise from the use of anonymity and encryption techniques that complicate the investigation process. From a legal perspective, the analysis results can be used as digital evidence in proving cybercrime in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. This study also emphasizes the importance of forensic readiness in organizations through network monitoring, log management, and the utilization of open information. Thus, network forensics plays a crucial role not only in investigations but also in overall cybersecurity strategies.

Student Achievement Prediction Comparison Of Naïve Bayes And Svm Using Ai Optimization In Smpn 5

Azzahra Permatasari Suwandi — 2026-05-15

This study aims to build a predictive model of student learning achievement by comparing the performance of Naive Bayes algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM) optimized using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) and Grid Search. Methods used in this study include data collection, preprocessing, data sharing, application of SMOTE to handle data imbalances, as well as parameter optimization using Grid Search. Next, the model was built using Naive Bayes algorithm and SVM, then evaluated using accuracy metrics to determine the best performance. The results showed that the accuracy of Naive Bayes algorithm before SMOTE application was 71%, but decreased to 56% after SMOTE application. Meanwhile, the SVM algorithm showed stable results with an accuracy of 68% both before and after the application of SMOTE. This shows that optimization techniques do not always improve the performance of the model, depending on the characteristics of the data used. Thus, SVM models are considered more consistent, while Naive Bayes is more sensitive to data changes. The resulting Model can be used as an aid in decision-making in the field of education to more accurately identify the level of student achievement.

Comparative Study Of Public Sentiment Analysis On Ikn (Nusantara Capital City) Across X And Youtube Using Pso-Optimized Svm

Awaliah Fitri Nur Ananda — 2026-05-07

This study aims to compare public sentiment regarding the IKN on Platform X and YouTube using a Polynomial Kernel SVM algorithm optimized by PSO. The method used is an experimental study. Data was obtained through web scraping using Google Colab, yielding 1,413 tweets for the X dataset and 814 for the YouTube dataset. The collected data underwent data cleaning, followed by sentiment labeling of each data point into three classes. Following this, TF-IDF vectorization, PSO-based feature selection, and classification using the Polynomial Kernel SVM were performed. The results of the study showed an accuracy of 76% for the PSO-SVM on the X platform and 75% for the YouTube platform. These results indicate that the PSO-SVM algorithm performs better on the X platform compared to the YouTube platform.

Utilization Of Kepok Banana Peel (Musa Paradisiaca) As An Adsorbent To Reduce Levels Of Plus Metal In Paint And Body Repair Industrial Waste

Jesica Amelia Kischa Parante — 2026-03-28

The increasing activity of paint and body repair workshops has contributed to the increasing volume of liquid waste containing heavy metals, especially lead (Pb), which is toxic and has the potential to pollute aquatic environments. Long-term exposure to Pb can have negative impacts on human health and ecosystem balance, so that effective, economical, and environmentally friendly waste treatment efforts are needed. One alternative that can be applied is the use of natural materials as adsorbents, such as kepok banana peels (Musa paradisiaca), which contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin with active functional groups that have the potential to bind heavy metal ions. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in contact time on the adsorption efficiency of Pb metal and evaluate the ability of kepok banana peels as a natural adsorbent in reducing Pb levels in paint and body repair workshop wastewater. The research method used is an adsorption process with contact time variations of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. The parameters observed include the initial concentration of Pb (C₀), the final concentration of Pb (Ct), the amount of Pb absorbed, and the removal efficiency. The results showed that increasing the contact time significantly affected the effectiveness of the adsorption process. The Pb removal efficiency increased gradually from 0.00% at 0 minutes to 47.69% at 90 minutes of contact time, which is the optimum condition for adsorption. At that time, the Pb concentration decreased from 0.65 mg/L to 0.34 mg/L, with the amount of Pb adsorbed reaching 0.31 mg/L. However, after passing the optimum contact time, the adsorption efficiency decreased at 120 and 150 minutes, which was thought to be caused by adsorbent saturation and the possibility of a desorption process. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that kepok banana peel has quite good potential as a natural adsorbent in reducing Pb metal levels from paint and body repair workshop industrial waste. The utilization of this organic waste is not only effective in the waste treatment process, but also supports the concept of sustainable environmental management through the application of simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly technology.

Design Of A Web-Based Archive Warehouse Management Information System In Improving The Efficiency Of Archives Management

Rusli Mardianto — 2026-05-12

The development of information technology has significantly contributed to enhancing knowledge quality and operational efficiency within organizations. The use of the internet provides a rapid and comprehensive means to obtain and disseminate information in both the public and private sectors. However, many repositories still rely on manual archive management methods, which often face various challenges, such as lengthy archive search times, difficulty in locating archives, and delays in the decision-making process. This problem is further complicated by the large number of archives and uncertainty regarding archive organization and storage locations. Therefore, a web-based archive information management system is needed to address these challenges. This study aims to design and develop a web-based archive information management system to enhance archive management efficiency and facilitate archive search through integrated data management in a single location. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D), encompassing needs analysis with problem identification, design of a web-based system prototype, implementation of key functions, and system evaluation through functionality testing. Data were collected through direct observation. The research results indicate that implementing the web-based archive information management system can improve document management accuracy and accelerate archive search processes. Additionally, the system supports simultaneous collaboration among users. For example, a comparison between conventional archive management methods and the web-based system demonstrates a significant improvement in effectiveness. It is concluded that a web-based information management platform for archive repositories is a viable alternative to address issues related to archive administration, document search, and to enhance the ability to make faster and more accurate decisions, as well as optimize the use of organizational assets.

Network Security System Design Using Firewall And VLAN Segmentation Based On Mikrotik At PT Global Solusindo Kompudata

Ari Ariyanto — 2026-05-12

PT Global Solusindo Kompudata's simple network infrastructure is vulnerable to unauthorized access and decreased productivity due to the lack of VLAN segmentation and firewall. This study aims to design a network security system using VLAN and Layer-7 firewall based on MikroTik for traffic isolation and access restrictions on unproductive sites. This type of development research (R&D) with a mixed methods approach using GNS3 simulation. The population of the entire new building network (93 devices); purposive samples of MikroTik routers, Cisco switches, and specific VLANs. Winbox, GNS3, and Layer 7 analyzer instruments; qualitative-quantitative descriptive analysis with triangulation. The results show that VLAN 10-40 isolates inter-segment communication and the firewall blocks YouTube on VLAN 20-30, with CPU utilization dropping by 30-40%. The design is effective for SMEs, physical implementation with advanced QoS testing is recommended.

Classification Of Stunting In Toddlers Using The Random Forest Method

Sutarti Dwi Yanti — 2026-05-12

Monitoring and data collection related to stunting at several community health centers (Puskesmas) in Ketapang Regency play a crucial role in assessing optimal growth and development of fetuses and newborns. One of the recurring issues in Ketapang Regency is the inaccuracy and inconsistency in monthly stunting data collection. This study aims to design a stunting classification model for children under five using the random forest method and to evaluate its classification accuracy. The research follows several stages problem identification, literature review, data collection, data processing, testing, and drawing conclusions. The performance of the random forest method is assessed to determine the impact of each stage on the model’s classification ability. Evaluation metrics are derived from the confusion matrix. The confusion matrix results show a recall of 97%, precision of 96%, F1-score of 96%, and an accuracy of 91%, indicating that the random forest method performs excellently in classifying nutritional status.

Optimization Of Antifoaming Agent Usage On Co2 Removal Unit Performance To Increase Product Co2 Purity

Amos Rante Salu — 2026-05-07

CO2 Removal units in the chemical fertilizer industry often experience foaming in the MDEA absorption-desorption process which reduces CO2 absorption efficiency. This study aims to optimize the concentration of PDMS-based antifoaming to minimize CO2 slip and maximize product CO2 purity through SCAFC identification. The experimental method was carried out on an industrial CO2 Removal unit with a population of four main equipment (Absorber, Stripper, HPFD, LPFD) and samples of varying antifoaming concentrations of 100-200 mL per 100 L of solvent. Measurement instruments include Collapse Time (CT) tester, CO2 analyzer, and laboratory tests, analyzed with a comparative multi-location injection approach. The results show the optimal SCAFC at 150 mL with the fastest CT of 12 seconds (Stripper/Absorber), minimum CO2 slip of 0.001%, and product CO2 purity of 99.45-99.50%. The conclusion of the study recommends 150 mL injection on low-pressure-high-temperature equipment for optimal operation of the fertilizer industry.

Design Of A Clean Water Distribution Pipe System For Ngenep Village Based On Projected Water Needs For The Next Ten Years

Andi Nur Rasyidi — 2026-05-07

Ngenep Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, is experiencing a clean water crisis due to population growth of 13,124 people (2024) and residential urbanization without integrated distribution from the Umbulan (93 l/s) and Nyolo (34 l/s) sources. This study aims to design a distribution pipe system, reservoir, and pump based on a 10-year water demand projection (SNI 7509:2011). Using mixed methods, dominant quantitative, the population of 13,124 people of Ngenep Village was sampled in total for the Umbulan-Nyolo zone. Instruments include WaterCAD (Hazen-Williams), ETABS, current meters, with arithmetic projection analysis (deviation test σ=1.36; R²=1.00), hydrogeology, and hydraulic simulation. The results show a population projection of 19,005 people (2034), HDPE PE100 SDR17 network (Ø2"-Ø8"), Umbulan reservoir 337 m³, Nyolo 120 m³, Ebara pump (head 80 m), RAB Rp4.22 billion (119 days), velocity 0.3-1.7 m/s, pressure 0.10-0.70 MPa meets PUPR Ministerial Regulation No. 27/2016. In conclusion, the system is ready for multi-party village-developer implementation for SDGs 6 with 100% sustainable service.

Analysis Of The Implementation Of A Portable Data Terminal (PDT)-Based Warehouse Management System In Increasing Warehouse Productivity And Cost Efficiency At XYZ Company

Irsyad Thalib Abdillah Irsyad Thalib Abdillah — 2026-05-16

The Indonesian logistics industry is currently facing pressure to achieve operational efficiency due to the rapid growth of e-commerce. Many warehouses still rely on manual processes, leading to inventory inaccuracies and suboptimal distribution. This study aims to analyze the impact of implementing a Warehouse Management System (WMS) integrated with a Portable Data Terminal (PDT) on the operational performance of XYZ Company. Using a mixed-methods case study approach, data was collected through structured observations, interviews with 25 key personnel, and historical document analysis. This study used Current Value Stream Mapping to identify operational waste and measure performance through cycle time, lead time, and process cycle efficiency. The results showed that the implementation of WMS-PDT significantly improved operational performance, reducing incoming process cycle time by 62% and outgoing process time by 50%. Furthermore, this digital transformation successfully minimized wasteful waiting and motion time, resulting in a reduction in inventory costs of IDR 13.7 billion with a benefit-to-cost ratio of 3.25:1. The study concluded that the integration of PDT into the WMS provides a robust framework for real-time data capture, effectively improving operational accuracy and service levels. These findings provide a strategic roadmap for logistics companies to leverage digital technologies to increase competitiveness.

Analysis And Evaluation Of The Performance Of A Low-Pressure Boiler Feed Pump Induction Motor Based On Temperature Increase

Muhammad Aisyur Rifky Maulanaa — 2026-05-21

The induction motor in the Low Pressure Boiler Feed Pump (LP BFP) system plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth operation of the power generation process at the combined cycle power plant. An increase in motor temperature is a key indicator for evaluating performance and detecting potential operational issues at an early stage. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the performance of the LP BFP induction motor based on temperature rise and motor vibration conditions at PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Gresik. The research method employs a descriptive quantitative approach through field observations, temperature measurements, vibration analysis, and the collection of motor operational data. The results show that the motor temperature on the Drive End (DE) side is 56.8°C and on the Non-Drive End (NDE) side is 47.6°C, which are still within normal operating limits. However, the vibration analysis results indicate bearing damage with an ALARM status based on ISO 10816-3. Therefore, regular temperature monitoring and preventive maintenance are crucial to maintaining the motor’s operational reliability.

Eco-Friendly Adsorbent Derived From Palm Kernel Shell Waste As Activated Carbon For Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Purification

Umi Aisya’adah — 2026-05-12

Indonesia, as the world’s largest palm oil producer, generates significant amounts of biomass waste, including palm kernel shells that remain underutilized. This study aims to develop eco-friendly activated carbon from palm kernel shell waste through carbonization and chemical activation using NaCl and ZnCl₂, and to evaluate its performance in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) purification. Carbonization was conducted at high temperatures under limited oxygen conditions, followed by chemical activation to enhance surface area and pore structure. The resulting materials were characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and XRF to determine morphology, functional groups, crystal structure, and elemental composition. The adsorption performance was evaluated based on the reduction of free fatty acids, peroxide value, saponification value, and moisture content in CPO. The results indicate that ZnCl₂ activation produces a more developed pore structure and higher adsorption capacity compared to NaCl. This study demonstrates that palm kernel shell waste can be effectively utilized as a low-cost, sustainable, and environmentally friendly adsorbent, contributing to improved CPO quality and supporting circular economy practices in the palm oil industry.

Analysis of the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) for Reducing Exhaust Gas Emissions from Nickel Smelter Processing in the Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF) System

Rian Adrianto — 2026-05-12

This study aims to analyze the performance of the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) in reducing particulate concentration and exhaust gas emissions in the nickel processing process using the Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF) system. The main variable observed was the variation of ESP electrode voltage at 20 kV, 30 kV, 40 kV, 50 kV, and 60 kV. The parameters measured included particulate concentrations before and after the ESP unit, as well as exhaust gas components consisting of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and carbon monoxide (CO). The results show that an increase in ESP voltage has a significant effect on improving particle collection efficiency. The highest efficiency was achieved at a voltage of 50 kV, reaching 94.94%, with particulate concentration decreasing from 158 mg/Nm³ to 8 mg/Nm³. However, at 60 kV the efficiency slightly decreased to 92.36% due to electrical field instability (spark discharge). In addition, exhaust gas concentrations also declined with increasing voltage, with the lowest values recorded at 50 kV: SO₂ at 405 mg/Nm³, NOₓ at 250 mg/Nm³, and CO at 100 mg/Nm³. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) operates most optimally at a voltage of 50 kV, under operating conditions of approximately 135 °C gas temperature, 8–9% humidity, and dust resistivity ranging from 10¹⁰ to 10¹¹ Ω·cm. The ESP system has proven effective in reducing particulate emissions and maintaining exhaust gas concentrations below the emission quality standards stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia No. P.15/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/4/2019.