Vaccine Cold Chain Management in Primary Health Care Centers: Literature Review

Yunistia Anggraini; Evi Junita Purnamasari; Elis Susilawati

doi:10.55227/ijhet.v5i3.1130

Authors

Yunistia Anggraini Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, West Java
Evi Junita Purnamasari Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, West Java
Elis Susilawati Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, West Java

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhet.v5i3.1130

Keywords:

Vaccine Cold Chain, Primary Health Care, Pharmaceutical Management, Immunization.

Abstract

Vaccine cold chain management is an essential component in ensuring vaccine quality, safety, and effectiveness until administration in immunization services. Primary health care centers play a strategic role in cold chain implementation; however, various studies report persistent challenges related to storage, temperature monitoring, distribution, and human resource capacity. This article aims to comprehensively review vaccine cold chain management in primary health care centers by integrating national and international scientific evidence and pharmaceutical management perspectives. A narrative literature review was conducted using national and international databases, including articles published between 2020 and 2025 Of the 50 international and 25 national articles identified, screening based on titles, abstracts, and full-text assessment resulted in 14 relevant articles for analysis. The findings indicate that although most primary health care centers have implemented basic cold chain principles, significant gaps remain in temperature monitoring consistency, distribution documentation, utilization of supporting facilities, and pharmacist involvement in vaccine quality assurance systems. Strengthening the role of pharmacists, supported by temperature monitoring technology and adherence to national guidelines, is a key strategy to improve vaccine management quality in primary health care centers

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