Maternal Knowledge, Mosquito Coil Use, And Indoor Smoking In Relation To Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under Five: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pradana Farhan Islami; Yulis Marita; Fera Meliyanti

doi:10.55227/ijhet.v5i4.1287

Authors

Pradana Farhan Islami Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, STIKes Al-Ma’arif Baturaja
Yulis Marita Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, STIKes Al-Ma’arif Baturaja
Fera Meliyanti Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, STIKes Al-Ma’arif Baturaja

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhet.v5i4.1287

Keywords:

Air Pollution, Indoor; Child, Preschool; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Insect Repellents; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) remain a major public health concern among children under five, particularly in communities where household environmental exposures and inadequate preventive practices may increase respiratory health risks. Maternal knowledge, mosquito coil use, and indoor smoking represent potentially modifiable factors associated with childhood respiratory infections. This study aimed to examine the associations of maternal knowledge, household mosquito coil use, and indoor smoking by family members with ARIs among children under five in Indonesia. This analytical cross-sectional study included 80 children under five recruited through convenience sampling in the catchment area of Pengaringan Community Health Center, South Sumatra, Indonesia, between April and August 2026. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, caregiver interviews, observations, and medical records. ARI status was determined based on a healthcare professional's diagnosis within the preceding three months. Associations were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square test, with crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated from contingency tables. ARIs were identified in 23 children (28.7%), while 26 mothers (32.5%) demonstrated poor knowledge, 22 households (27.5%) used mosquito coils, and 25 households (31.3%) reported indoor smoking. Indoor smoking showed the strongest association with ARIs (OR = 12.19; 95% CI: 3.91–38.05; p < 0.001), followed by mosquito coil use (OR = 9.53; 95% CI: 3.10–29.27; p < 0.001) and poor maternal knowledge (OR = 4.40; 95% CI: 1.57–12.33; p = 0.004). Poor maternal knowledge, household mosquito coil use, and indoor smoking were significantly associated with ARIs among children under five. These results support integrated maternal health education and household smoke exposure prevention within primary healthcare services. Further longitudinal studies with adjusted analyses are needed to clarify these associations.

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