Factors Associated With Low Back Pain Complaints Among Warehouse Workers At PT. X In 2026

Muhammad Rafly Firmansyah; Veza Azteria; Mayumi Nitami; Ade Heryana

doi:10.55227/ijhet.v5i4.1240

Authors

Muhammad Rafly Firmansyah Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul
Veza Azteria Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul
Mayumi Nitami Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul
Ade Heryana Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhet.v5i4.1240

Keywords:

Low Back Pain, Warehouse Workers, Ergonomics, Nordic Body Map, REBA

Abstract

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders experienced by warehouse workers due to manual handling activities, non-ergonomic working postures, and repetitive physical workloads. This condition may reduce work productivity and negatively affect workers' health. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with Low Back Pain complaints among warehouse workers at PT. X in 2026. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 81 warehouse workers, all of whom were included as the research sample using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire to identify Low Back Pain complaints, while working posture was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The findings indicated that most warehouse workers experienced Low Back Pain complaints. Bivariate analysis showed that age and length of employment were significantly associated with Low Back Pain complaints (p < 0.05), whereas working duration was not significantly associated with Low Back Pain (p > 0.05). The REBA assessment revealed that most work activities were classified as having moderate to high ergonomic risk, indicating the need for corrective ergonomic interventions. It can be concluded that age and length of employment are factors associated with Low Back Pain complaints among warehouse workers at PT. X. The company is recommended to implement ergonomic programs, provide manual handling aids, and conduct regular ergonomic training and working posture evaluations to reduce the risk of Low Back Pain.

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